SCIENCE 
EDITORIAL COMMITTEE: S. NEwcoms, Mathematics; R. S. WoopwaRpD, Mechanics; E. C. PICKERING, 
Astronomy; T. C. MENDENHALL, Physics; R. H. THURSTON, Engineering; IRA REMSEN, Chemistry; 
J. LE ContTE, Geology; W. M. Davis, Physiography; HENRY F. OSBORN, Paleontology ; W. K. 
Brooks, C. HART MERRIAM, Zoology; S. H. ScuDDER, Entomology; C. E. Bressry, N. L. 
BRITTON, Botany; C. S. Minot, Embryology, Histology; H. P. BowpitcH, Physiology; 
J. S. Bintines, Hygiene; J. McKEEN CATTELL, Psychology; DANIEL G. BRIN- 
TON, J. W. POWELL, Anthropology. 
Fripay, Juty 21, 1899. 
CONTENTS: 
The Royal Botanical Gardens at. Kew: PROFESSOR 
LUCIEN MARCUS UNDERWOOD........-...-00.00008 65 
Absorption in Vertebrate Intestinal Cells: DR. 
HOWARD CRAWLEY...........ccccccenseecessensseseeeee 75 
Scientific Books :— 
Willey’s Zoological Results: G.H.P. Duhem’s 
Traité élémentaire de mécanique chemique: PRo- 
FESSOR WILDER D. BANCROFT. CGuignet and 
Garnier on le céramique ancienne et moderne: ° 
Dr. THOMAS WILSON. Lobertson’s History of 
Freethought: PROFESSOR R. M. WENLEY...... 80 
Scientific Journals and Articles. ...........cseceeceeeeeees 84 
Societies and Academies :— 
The Geological Conference and Students’? Club of 
Harvard University: J. M. BOoUTWELL.......... 85 
Discussion and Correspondence :— 
Body Blight of Pear Trees: W. PADDOCK. For- 
mation of Cumulus Clouds over a Fire: S. P. 
FERGUSSON. A Reply to Mr. Marlatt’s Article 
on Sources of Error in Recent Work on Coccidex : 
PROFESSOR T. D. A. CoOCKERELL. Pot-hole vs. 
Remon Ome Leh WELEGD ER elsscoctercesecchanceatesecs 85 
Notes on Inorganic Chemistry: J. L. H...... ....... 88 
Current Notes on Meteorology :— 
Foehm Winds; Lightning and the Electricity of 
the Air; Heavy Rainfall in the Cameroon Moun- 
tains; Vertical Temperature Gradient Used on 
Weather Maps; Recent Publication: R. DE C. 
\WY AS 2D) ocescocansoonosonndoccuogbdoobopndbdodsbeBeeapCHeooOde 89 
PSU VULAMPL LOWE sectccesdcesecsscseessetscerecesnesenesese 90 
Scientific Notes and News........-sccscscesesececeesescnsees 91 
University and Educational News.........-+.000+c1es1e0 95 
MSS. intended for publication and books, etc., intended 
for review should be sent to the responsibie editor, Profes_ 
sor J. McKeen Cattell, Garrison-on-Hudson N. Y. 
THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS AT KEW 
THE recent establishment of the New 
York Botanical Garden, following so closely 
the development of the Missouri Botanical 
Garden, through the private munificence of 
Henry Shaw, and the evident tendency in 
American cities to establish each its own 
garden as a means of public pleasure and 
education, leads one to turn to the Old 
World, where such institutions are no 
longer a novelty. There is certain to be in 
the near future in America an awakening of 
interest in this feature of popular educa- 
tion, and we predict that the next quarter 
of a century will see them organized as a part 
of the park system of every city of impor- 
tance and asa part of the equipment of every 
university that merits the name and rank. 
Passing by the botanical gardens of the 
Italian cities, some of which are the oldest 
establishments of the kind in the world, 
dating back to the fifteenth century, and the 
less considerable establishments at Berlin 
and Paris, it is natural to turn to the 
largest and in many respects the most im- 
portant of them all, because of its wide 
reaching influence, coextensive with British 
colonization itself. Of English botanical 
gardens those at Oxford and Cambridge, 
while smaller than Kew, are much older, 
and yet their influence largely pertains to 
the university towns and the universities 
that foster them, while Kew Garden, far 
from being local or simply national, is in- 
