380 SCIENCE. 
tions, causes arrest of motion and typical ag- 
glomeration of Sanarelli’s bacillus; also, that 
cultures of Sanarelli’s bacillus fed to pigs cause 
the death of these animals, and that the typical 
lesions of hog cholera are found in their intes- 
tine. 
Fifth. The blood-serum of yellow fever pa- 
tients or of convalescents from this disease does 
not give a marked Widal reaction with Sana- 
relli’s bacillus, although the blood of an animal 
immunized by the injection of cultures of this 
bacillus does give the specific reaction in high 
dilution. 
Sixth. So far as I am informed the results ob- 
tained in the use of Sanarelli’s antitoxic serum 
do not give support to his claim to have dis- 
covered the specific germ of yellow fever. 
In a letter dated January 20, 1899, my friend 
Dr. J. B. de Lacerda, of Rio de Janeiro, says : 
“The serum of M. Sanarelli has failed here 
in Brazil. The results of the experiments which 
he made at San Paulo have not recommended 
the employment of this serum. It is neither 
preventive nor curative.’’ 
In a paper recently published in the New Or- 
leans Medical and Surgical Journal, Dr. P. E. 
Archinard reports a negative result from the 
use of Sanarelli’s serum in ten cases. He says: 
“From the above cases, which limit our ex- 
perience with the anti-amarylic serum of Sana- 
relli as a curative agent in the human being at- 
tacked with yellow fever, we are forced to 
conclude that this agent, in our hands, has 
shown no curative powers whatsoever, none of 
the important and dangerous symptoms of the 
disease having been in any way mitigated or 
prevented by its administration.”’ 
Drs. Reed and Caroll are now preparing a 
report of their extended researches, which have 
been going on at the Army Medical Museum 
during the past two years. This report will be 
published in due time and will give full details 
as to the experimental evidence upon which 
they base their conclusion that Sanarelli’s 
bacillus is a variety of the bacillus of hog 
cholera. 
Finally, I would say it appears to me at the 
present time that, like the colon bacillus and 
bacillus x, the bacillus of Sanarelli is a patho- 
genic saprophyte which is present occasionally 
[N. S. Von. X. No. 246. 
and accidentally in the blood and tissues of 
_ yellow-fever patients, and that its etiological 
relation to this disease has not been established. 
If, however, the results reported by Drs. Reed 
and Carroll can be shown to be based upon 
erroneous observations, I shall be ready to re- 
vise my opinion. Truth is mighty and no 
doubt in the end will prevail. 
INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON TUBERCU- 
: LOSIS. 
THE report of Sir Herbert Maxwell, M. P., 
F.R.S., and Dr. Pye-Smith, F.R.S., the dele- 
gates of the British government at the Inter- 
national Congress on Tuberculosis held at 
Berlin from May 24th to 27th last, has been 
issued as a Parliamentary paper. The report 
states, as abstracted in the London Times, that 
the Congress, which was opened by the Herzog 
von Ratibor, in the presence of the German 
Empress, consisted of 180 delegates, appointed 
by and representing different states and uni- 
versities and other public bodies. A number of 
papers were read, chiefly by German delegates, 
but nothing in the nature of a general discus- 
sion took place. The proceedings when printed 
will form a valuable corpus of scientific opinion 
on the subject. 
Dr. Pye-Smith adds a memorandum on the 
medical aspect of the results of the Congress. 
After giving in some detail the most important 
conclusions which were recognized—that con- 
sumption and other tubercular diseases are 
caused by the presence and multiplication of 
the specific bacillus discovered by Professor 
Koch; that tuberculosis, as a condition directly 
transmitted by inheritance, is extremely rare; 
and that phthisis, or pulmonary tuberculosis, in 
particular, is not catching—Dr. Pye-Smith goes 
on to describe the following practical points in 
the prevention of tuberculosis as a widespread 
and destructive disease which were inculcated 
by various speakers at the Congress: 
A. The primary importance of free ventila- 
tion and wholesome and abundant food. Im- 
provement in the dwellings and the food of the 
poorer classes in this country, and their in- 
creasing cleanliness and sobriety, have not only 
diminished sickness generally, but directly re- 
duce the number of deaths from consumption 
