490 
Further down, the river turned to the west, 
cut a deep channel through the moraine and 
joined its earlier bed at Eden Mills. In 
the earlier stages of the moraine the river 
took a southwest course from Preston past 
Ayr, but in the last stages a lower course 
was found through the moraine, longitudi- 
nally past Galt and Paris. In most of its 
course the flow was rapid enough to carry 
away most of the drift and leave the lime- 
stone ledges bare. In the broader portions 
it deposited cobble stones and gravel. Drum- 
lins cover the northern part of the area in 
question. Further work will be necessary 
to show the relation between the moraines 
and those of western New York or those of 
the west side of the Ontario peninsula. 
‘Glacial and Modified Drift in Minne- 
apolis, Minn.,’ Warren Upham, St. Paul, 
Minn. 
Red drift from the Lake Superior region 
is overlapped by bluish drift from the Red 
River valley and Manitoba. The final 
melting of the ice sheet laid bare the area 
occupied by glacial Lake Hamline, just 
east of Minneapolis, between tract of ice 
thus flowing from northeast and northwest. 
In the eastern part of Minneapolis a ter- 
minal moraine, consisting mostly of north- 
eastern drift, was formed in the border of 
the western ice tract. It is evidence that 
the glacial current from the west pushed 
back that from the east, near the close of 
the Ice Age. The sand plain of the Missis- 
sippi Valley here was deposited near the 
front of the ice, when it retreated westward 
from this moraine, and a wide esker ridge, 
two miles long, formed at the same time, 
lies in the southwest part of the city. Fre- 
quent banding and intermingling of the red 
and bluish tills indicate that they were 
englacial. 
‘The Ozarkian and its Significance in 
Theoretic Geology,’ Joseph Le Conte, 
Berkeley, Cal. 
The name Ozarkian was coined to com- 
SCIENCE. 
[N. S. Von. X. No. 249. 
memorate the erosive work in the Ozark 
Mountain region during a long and impor- 
tant epoch directly preceding the ice inva- 
sion of the Quaternary. The Ozarkian is 
characterized by elevation and erosion, the 
Glacial by ice accumulation and drift de- 
posits, the Champlain by depression and 
stratified deposits. During the earth’s his- 
tory there have been certain well defined 
critical periods, characterized by great and 
widespread changes in the earth’s crust, in 
its climate, or in its organic forms. They 
separate the primary divisions or eras of 
geologic time (Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Ceno- 
zoic), and such another era I am convinced is 
now commencing, which I have called the 
Psychozoic. The Quaternary period repre- 
sents the critical or transition period be- 
tween the Cenozoic and Psychozoic Eras, 
when man was introduced. The Ozarkian 
is the first epoch of this critical period. 
Man subsequently became established as the 
dominant factor in the earth’s life history 
and the Psychozoic era began. 
‘The Discovery of New Invertebrates in 
the Dinosaur Beds of Wyoming,’ Erwin H, 
Barbour and W. C. Knight, Lincoln, Nebr, 
Some eight or ten new invertebrates, all 
apparently fresh water forms, recently dis- 
covered in the Dinosaur beds of Wyoming 
tend to confirm the belief that these beds 
are of fresh-water origin. The writer also 
noted about six species of lamellibranchs 
and gasteropods. Associated with the in- 
vertebrates are also crocodilian teeth and 
bones. 
‘The Rapid Decline of Geyser Phenomena 
in the Yellowstone National Park,’ Erwin 
H. Barbour, Lincoln, Nebr. 
To those who visit the geyser region fre- 
quently the rapid decline of geyser activity 
seems startling. From superficial observa- 
tion it seems safe to assume that if the de- 
cline of activity noted during the past four 
years should continue for the next eight or 
ten years the features which most impress 
