596 
chipped: De Quatrefages, Capellini, Worsaae, 
Englehardt, Augustus W. Franks, Valdemir 
Schmidt, D’Omalius and Cartailhac;* five 
members were opposed: Steenstrup, Desor, 
Neirynek and Fraas; Marquis de Vibray 
was favorable but with reserve, and Van 
Beneden unable to decide. 
It will thus be perceived that the ques- 
tion was difficult to determine, and much 
could be said on both sides. If the oppos- 
ing forces of learned men who, on the 
ground, marching in the presence of each 
other and of the objects themselves, and, 
as at Blois, with the deposit whence the 
objects came, under their eyes, were still 
unable to determine the question, it would 
be venturesome for us to attempt it. Since 
the meeting at Blois, there has been but 
little discussion of the flints from Thenay. 
It would seem as though neither party was 
convinced by the other, and both were con- 
tent to maintain their former opinions and 
cease the discussion. Sir John Evans re- 
vived it after a fashion in his presidential 
address before the British Association at 
Leeds in 1890, wherein he took opposite 
grounds. 
Discoveries similar to that of the Abbé 
Bourgeois were made by M. B. Rames, a 
distinguished geologist of Aurillac, at a lo- 
cality called Puy Courny near Aurillac; by 
Charles Ribeiro near Lisbon, Portugal; and 
by Joseph Bellucci of Perugia, at Otta, Mon- 
teredondo, Italy. They all fall into the 
same category and received the same treat- 
ment. In the conclusion to be awarded to 
the existence of man during the tertiary 
period, they stand or fall together. 
Pithecanthropus—Dubois. 
The presentation of this branch of my 
subject would be incomplete without a 
reference to the great discovery made by 
Dr. Dubois at Tinil, Java. Dr. Dubois is 
*Mons, Cartailac changed his opinion, but not 
until several years afterward. 
SCIENCE. 
[N. S. Von. X. No. 252. 
an educated physician, a graduate of the 
Leyden University, interested in prehistoric 
anthropology, with a sufficient knowledge 
of geology and paleontology to enable him 
make satisfactory investigations in the 
field. He was attached to the Dutch army 
as a medical officer, and with it sent to 
Java. He lived there for six years, and 
having found a deposit of fossil bones at 
Tinil, prosecuted his researches therein for 
three summers with great success. During 
this work he found certain portions of a 
skeleton which, if not human, was nearer 
it than was any other. Dr. Dubois has 
published a preliminary report of his dis- 
covery containing a section and plan of 
the field of his explorations, and photo- 
graphic copies of the human (?) remains. 
When this publication appeared and fell 
into the hands of the physical anthropolo- 
gists, whether of Europe or of America 
who, by their knowledge of human and 
comparative anatomy, were the best quali- 
fied to judge, they almost universally set- 
tled the question to their own satisfaction 
in the shortest and easiest way, by the de- 
cision that the remains were human and 
that Dr. Dubois had done nothing more 
than discover an ancient graveyard. There 
were few persons in the United States pre- 
pared to combat this view. Professor O. 
C. Marsh visited Leyden in attendance 
upon the International Congress of Zoology, 
September, 1895, and upon his return an- 
nounced that this was a much graver ques- 
tion than had before been recognized. 
I had the gratification of visiting Dr. 
Dubois and seeing his collection. Like 
Professor Marsh, I was amazed at the 
showing made. He had, in his laboratory, 
many thousand pieces of bones from the 
deposit at Tinil. They were all fossilized, 
their weight was greatly increased, and 
their color much darkened, while the human 
(?) bones had an identical appearance, and 
it was evident that they came from the 
