NOVEMBER 24, 1899. ] 
before. The results of these experiments 
can merely be stated, and the conclusions 
to be drawn from them left to the mind of 
the reader. 
Only four species of ants were concerned 
in the experiments: Lasius americanus and 
Formica mitidiventris, both belonging to the 
family Formroipm, and Cremastogaster lineo- 
lata and a species of the genus Aphenogaster, 
belonging to the Myrmicipm. From the 
affirmative results obtained from these four 
species, even if they were absolutely cer- 
tain, we could not, of course, draw any 
certain affirmative conclusions as to the 
whole group of ants; but even these few 
results are at least a favorable indication. 
The experiments were performed both 
upon individuals and upon whole colonies. 
As there were about eighty experiments re- 
corded for the four species, I can describe 
only a few of them and make general state- 
ments as to the others. The following are 
extracts from my notebook, and are signifi- 
cant in themselves. 
Cremastogaster lineolata. 
(1) May 2, 1899, 10:45 a. m. Ant 
wandering about isolated. I struck a steel 
sounding-bar of vibration-number 4096 
(complete vibrations). Ant immediately 
raised its head and waved the antenne. 
(2) 10:56. Ant moving left front leg. 
Blew several blasts on a small bottle, being 
very careful not to blow upon the ant. Ant 
drew back the antennz and began waving 
them immediately. 
(3) 11:00. Same conditions. Struck the 
sounding-bar as in (1). Ant turned head 
and antennz toward the bar, waving the 
antenne slightly. 
Another individual, same species. 
(4) May 2, 5:05 p. m. Ant perfectly 
quiet. Blew short blasts on a small bottle, 
asin (2). Ant raised its head and waved 
the antenne. 
(5) 5:09. Same conditions. Blewa long, 
SCIENCE. 
767 
steady blast on a shrill wooden whistle. 
Ant began waving antenne violently and 
kicking with one leg. 
(6) 5:25. Ant walking along slowly on 
a strip of paper. Blew a shrill blast ona 
tin whistle. Ant started forward suddenly 
and walked faster. 
(7) 5:29. Ant quiet. Blewa long blast 
on the shrill wooden whistle. Ant turned 
nearly half way around toward the whistle, 
waving the antenne. 
(8) 5:31. Ant quiet. Blew ashort blast 
on the wooden whistle. Ant raised the an- 
tennze high in the air and moved the ab- 
domen up and down several times. 
(9) 5:32. Ant quiet, facing me. Same 
experiment. Ant started backward sud- 
denly and then began waving the antenne. 
Another individual, same species. 
(10) May 4, 10:18 a m. Ant quiet. 
Struck a tuning-fork (key middle A) and 
touched it several times to a piece of card- 
board suspended in the air about two inches 
above the ant, making clear sounds. Ant 
raised the antenne slightly at each sound. 
Lasius americanus. 
(11) May 8, 11:08 a. m. Ant walking 
along on a piece of paper. Touched a tun- 
ing-fork, as in (10), to a card a little in 
front of the ant. Ant immediately turned 
around and walked in the opposite direction. 
Another individual, same species. 
(12) May 11, 10:48 a.m. Ant wander- 
ing about isolated. Touched a card several 
times to a rapidly rotating milled disk near 
the ant, producing loud sounds. Ant walked 
more slowly, apparently crouching down, 
but occasionally starting forward as the 
sounds became more piercing. 
Aphenogaster sp. 
(13) May 19, 3:18 p.m. Ant perfectly 
quiet, confined by loose cotton in a test- 
tube. Suspended the tube in the air near 
the steel sounding-bar mentioned in (1) 
and struck the barseveral times. Ant first 
