952 
at that time in possession of a band of pre- 
datory Abyssinians, who of late years, as is 
well known, have traversed and ravaged the 
whole of southern Somaliland. Alarmed, 
however, by the reports of the advancing 
earavan of Italians, the Abyssinians had 
withdrawn leaving Lugh in ruins and com- 
pletely deserted, as the native inhabitants 
had taken refuge on the other side of the 
river. Lugh lies on a peninsula of land 
nearly surrounded by a bend of the River 
Jutz, and defended by a wall some 200 
meters in length which crosses the isthmus 
from bank to bank. The Italians were 
naturally well received on their arrival as 
deliverers from the much hated Abyssinians, 
and were treated in the most friendly way. 
After a few days they induced the popula- 
tion to return to their deserted city, and 
reinstated the Sultan of Lugh—Ali Hassan 
Mir on his tottering throne. A fort was 
built and a guard of 45 Askari left in it for 
the protection of the inhabitants against 
further invasions while a treaty of perpetual 
alliance between Italy and the Lughians 
was drawn up and signed. 
Some distance above Lugh the Juba is 
divided into three branches—the Ueb com- 
ing from the north, the Ganula Doria from 
the northwest and the Daua from the west. 
After a month’s delay, during which an ex- 
eursion up the Ueb in order to restore some 
captives to their friends was made by some 
of the party, the expedition was reunited at 
the end of January, and proceeded up the 
valley of the Daua or great western branch 
of the river Juba, along the caravan road 
which leads to the region of the lakes. On 
the 2d of February they crossed from the 
left to the right bank of the Daua, and con- 
tinued thence at some distance from its 
banks through the country of the Garra- 
Somali, then passing into that of the Béran, 
a race of pacific shepherds speaking a Galla 
tongue. Leaving the water-basin of the 
Daua to the left, and proceeding through 
SCIENCE. 
(N.S. Vou. X. No. 261. 
the hills, the party arrived on March 17th 
at Ascebo—a large village of from 300 to 
400 houses—on the outskirts of the Boran 
country. A few days later they arrived on 
the banks of the Bisan-Gurracia, the first 
water met with flowing in a western direc- 
tion. Burgi, a pleasant villagein the moun- 
tain of the Amarr-Bambsla, was reached on 
March 30th, and the tomb of Eugenio Rus- 
poli, an Italian explorer who was accident- 
ally killed there some years before, was vis- 
ited. 
The route taken hence was northward 
along the Badditu range until a new lake 
‘never before seen by European eyes’ was 
discovered on May 12th. Lago Regina Mar- 
gherita, as it was agreed to name this fine 
sheet of water after the Queen of Italy, is 
surrounded by lofty mountains, some of 
which are said to attain a height of nearly 
11,000 feet. Twenty-five days were spent 
on the exploration of this beautiful lake, 
which is about 250 kilometers in circumfer- 
ence, and lies at a height of 4200 feet above 
the sea-level. Just south of it, divided by 
low ground, is another smaller lake—Lake 
Ciam6, and the two together drain into Lake 
Stephanie, which lies some sixty or seventy 
miles to the southwest of them. 
On June 12th, the exploration of the 
new Lakes having been completed and suf- 
ficient rest obtained, the explorers were 
ready to proceed onwards in search of the 
great river Omo, to trace the course of 
which was one of the principal objects of 
their expedition. It having been ascertained 
that the Abyssinians were in occupation of 
the country to the north of the new Lake, it 
was resolved to- proceed due west through 
the mountains, and a most difficult task this 
proved to be. The path led through moun- 
tains from 9000 to 10,000 feet in altitude, 
and the natives were energetically hostile. 
But at the end of June they had traversed 
the range, and found themselves on the 
south bank of the much sought for river 
