RESULT OF THE INVESTIGATION OF THE INDIAN 

 MOUND AT BROKEN KETTLE CREEK. 



BY W. T. STAFFORD. 



Primitive man was not a nomad, at least not in the 

 common application of the term. He did not wander far 

 from his usual haunts. The reason suggests itself upon 

 little reflection. Man, out of necessity, must have ex- 

 isted fl.rst in the warmer climates and was confined to 

 the locality that would furnish him food, water and 

 shelter from the sun and rain. Not until he began to 

 make water jugs and grain sacks out of skins of wild 

 animals did he undertake long journeys. The subject of 

 transportation, then as now, was one of the problems 

 confronting man, only in different form, but until he 

 could carry food from place to place his migrations were 

 limited. Undoubtedly, when food and wood became 

 scarce in one locality, they moved to a more convenient 

 camp, but it was only a little further along the same 

 stream or lake. When pots and jugs and bags were 

 made, then began the movements to the colder zones, 

 accompanied by the manufacture of clothing and the 

 domestication of animals. 



About the first thing primitive man did was to fash- 

 ion himself a weapon for the purpose of taking some of 

 the wild animals for food, and to defend himself from 

 becoming food for some of them, and it would not be un- 

 reasonable to say that he made his war club and hatchet 

 before his millstones and mortars, his arrow and knife 

 before his needle, a wampum or his pottery. As they drift- 

 ed further and further north, they were obliged to build 

 shelter, and provide clothing that would protect all parts 

 of the body. Necessity, not modesty, fashioned their 



