106 f^ioii.r at II Academij of ^ekncc a)id Letters. 



During the World's Exposition in St. Louis two 

 years ago we had the pleasure of comparing the pigmies 

 of Africa with those of the Philippines. The four pig- 

 mies brought over from Africa by Dr. Thompson and 

 those from the Philippines were stood in a group, and 

 only for a shade difference in color they were exactly 

 alike. Both specimens were dolichocephalic, had coxi- 

 gial elongations, had wooll}^ hair, had prehensile toes, 

 w^ere ef the same stature and weighed approximately, 

 yet their habitats were four thousand miles apart. How 

 and when this race became separated we cannot tell. 



We saw several years ago two specimens of the 

 Japanese dwarfs. They also were dolichocephalic and 

 had coxigial elongations to a greater extent than either 

 of the other tribes. In fact, we might say they had real 

 tails; their hair was silky and wavy and covered almost 

 all of their bodies; they also had prehensile toes, their 

 color w^as the same as the groups from the Philippines 

 and their weight and stature were about the same. All 

 types of negroes, all brown races, including Arabs, 

 Syrians, Egyptians; all Malays, including the Moros of 

 the Philippine group of islands and Australians, are 

 dolichocephalic or long-headed people. The Mongolos, 

 the Chinese, Japanese, all American Indians, including 

 the Esquimaux, Caribs and all North American tribes, 

 are bracheocephalic or round-headed people. 



Now to what race did these people whose skeletons 

 were found in W^oodbury county, Iowa, belong? They 

 w^ere not captive negro children, because their cranial 

 bones show that they were not only adults, but were 

 people of some maturer age, and there was no dwarf 

 negro race indigenous to this climate nor countrj'. 

 Surely they were not of the Indian tribes of the Missouri 

 Valley, for there is no dw^arf race of Indians known to 

 history. They w^ere not white captives, for the reason 

 that there are, nor never has been, a race of white 

 dwarfs. 



It is idle to speculate upon the geographical habitat 

 of these finds, or to do the same regarding primitive 

 man. This find was upon the highroad, which Avas trav- 

 eled by many Indian tribes journeying up and down the 



