Birds of the Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta. 115 
at a place called Minea, a coffee-hacienda situated on the 
slopes of the mountains, at an elevation of 2000 feet above 
the sea, a few leagues from the town of Santa Marta. But 
besides working in this locality, Mr. Simons also made 
a journey to the higher parts of the Nevada itself, and suc- 
ceeded in reaching an elevation of 17,000 feet. Here the 
more interesting part of his collection was formed. Several 
of the highland species prove to be undescribed, having allies 
representing them in the uplands of the northern ranges of 
the Colombian Andes, from which, however, they are quite 
distinct. With these distinct forms are found others, also 
inhabitants of the highland districts, which are not distin- 
guishable from birds of the mountains of Pamplona and other 
parts of the Andes of Colombia. 
Of the geographical results of his exploration of the upper 
parts of the Sierra Nevada, Mr. Simons has recently communi- 
cated an interesting paper to the Royal Geographical Society, 
which is published, with a good map, in the November num- 
ber (1879) of the ‘ Proceedings ’ of that Society (p. 689). In 
this paper Mr. Simons describes the various places visited by 
him, giving their elevations and the outlines of the surround- 
ing country. 
As Mr. Simons is still at work, and as we may hope for con- 
siderable additions to our knowledge of the birds of this in- 
teresting district through his exertions, we defer any further 
general remarks on the relationship of its bird-fauna until 
the close of his expedition. 
The additional species in the present collection are :— 
TurpvUs swarnson1, Cab. 
Minea (2000 ft.), 9, 22nd January, 1879. “Iris dark 
brown.” 
Agrees with Colombian examples, and with the eastern 
rather than the western race of this species (cf. Salv. & Godm. 
Biol. Centr. Am. Aves, i. p. 10). 
TurRpvus GRAYI, Bp. - 
Turdus luridus, Bp. Notes Orn. Coll. Delattre, p. 28; 
Salv. P. Z.S. 1867, p. 132. 
12 
