State of the Systema Avium. 409 
Prof. Garrod* would exclude Gidicnemus (as being holo- 
rhinal) entirely from this order, and associate it with the 
Bustards (Otis). But if we give in to this principle we 
should have to place the Plataleidee among the Limicole, 
which I cannot agree to. 
16. Gavia. 
In the ‘Nomenclator’? I have made the Gavi to 
include the Petrels (Procellariidee) as well as the Gulls 
(Laride). But I now think it better to restrict the term 
Gavie to the latter group, the Longipennes of Nitzsch, 
which, not only as regards their osteology, but also in respect 
of their pterylosis, come very near to the Limicole ft. 
The Gavie will therefore consist of the single family 
Laride, while the Procellariide will constitute the order 
“‘Tubinares” (Nitzsch). The propriety of this separation 
is confirmed by what Prof. Garrod has stated (P. Z.S. 1879, 
p. 37) as to the form of the nasal bone in these two groups. 
17. Pycoropes, and 18. Impennes. 
The Pygopodes of Illiger combine the two families Colym- 
bide and Alcidz, which are also closely allied pterylogra- 
phically. They seem to form a natural transition between 
the Gavie and the Impennes. Nitzsch (Pterylogr. p. 151) 
has associated them with the latter group; but the Penguins 
are very distinct not only in their osteology, but also in their 
pterylosis, as admitted by Nitzsch himself, and have full 
claims to constitute an order per se. 
19. Cryprurt. 
Under this term (of Illiger) I have placed in the ‘ Nomen- 
clator’? the Tinamidz, which, as Mr. Parker has shown 
(Trans. Zool. Soc. v. p. 149), have a completely struthious 
palate, and in other respects come at the bottom of the 
series, and are nearest of all Carinate birds to the Ratitze. 
In so doing I make, of course, no claim to originality, but have 
2 12 Uh, Se NETS Tb BN 
+ Cf. Nitzsch, Pterylogr. p. 141; and Huxley, P. Z. 8, 1867, p. 458, 
