in analysing and detseribing the difl!erencGS that so much 

 trouble occurs. 



Hace differf-nceis. are often shown by the expression, by 

 the manner of hohiing the lips. Some-time-e tJie distinctionB 

 disappears in a photograph that were rei-y apparent in 

 reality. Consequently it is very hard to give scientific 

 definition of race ehai'a,cteristics that are perfectly evident 

 t-o any oteeA'vant man. Yon can easily distinguish the Ger- 

 marua, the French, the Italians, in any great cosmopolitan 

 city, but 3'ou woidd find it hard to say how you coidd tell 

 them apai't. 



Consequently Etlmologists have tried to make rules to 

 define these race characteristics. Some years ago it was 

 the facial angle. You never he^r of this now. A gi'eat deal, 

 is made of the breadth of the head a.s compared with ite 

 length. Much careful study has been devoted to clasAifying 

 the people in different localities and different races accord- 

 ing to the breadth of their heads. The result has as a rule 

 been confusion worse confounded. The variations have 

 been so very gi'eat and iso unexpeot'ed that they have served 

 to upset many beautiful theories and to bolster up many 

 other theories that had no merit but their originality. 



I believe the moet important consideration is not the 

 width of tlie head, but its shape, and the shape of the face. 

 We have also to consider the shape of the figure, the thick- 

 ness of the neck, the Vv-idth of the face. One of the most 

 useful j>oints to note is the shape ol the nose. By this you 

 can in mO'St countries, India, for example, distinguish the 

 amount of negro or Mongolian mixture. The hair is one 

 of the most persistent and reliable points of observation. 

 The J\Iongolian and American races have alv/ays straight 

 black hair, very coarse.. The negro has kinky black hair 

 that kinks mto little curls. The Caucasian has wavy or 

 sti'aight hair, net go coarse as the IMongolian. 



x^'ou iXLUst know that all this is due to the shape of the 

 individual hair. The Mongolian hair i& black and has a 

 comparatively large cylindrical section. The negrO' is 



^2 



