lessened our abhorrence of laAvlessness, or led us to be 

 less determined to eliminate it from society. But it has 

 made us wiser in apportioning the blame, and in applying 

 a remedy. Modern criminology has taught is that for his 

 crime the criminal is not alone responsible. The baseness 

 of hi'3 act it may not be possible for us to oA^emtate, but 

 the measure of hi.® guilt only omniscience can estimate. 

 The modern doctrinci of heredity has revealed to us that 

 there are treacherous currents, which play on his ship and 

 finally cast him en the shoreless sands of despair. Know- 

 ing this, our feeling to the sinful is not so rcpellant. We 

 have partaken of the sympathetic imagination of Daniel 

 Deronda, one of George Eliot > characters, of whom she 

 sayis: "No one was less likely to fall into evil ways than 

 he, but he judged the sinner leniently because he had a 

 wide and far-reaching backward vision of all the influences 

 which had played upon him to make him what he was." 

 Oliver Wendell Holmes says that there are ten men in 

 every man, and that therefore he travels through life not 

 in a private carnage, but in an omnibus. Deronda also 

 would have listened with signs of approval to a remark I 

 heard a friend of mine maJ^e. "I have both my father and 

 my mother in me. If they would mix they would make 

 good wine, but sometimes I am the one and sometimes the 

 other, which makes my mood aleatory." Our sensed these 

 treacherous currents in our lives has awakened an intelli- 

 gent sympathy. This has led to a wiser method of dealiug 

 with the lawless. Up till the beginning of last century the 

 prevailing method of dealing with them was penal. Eeme- 

 dial methods were little thought of, so far at least as the 

 national conscience was concerned. But though the na- 

 tional soul had not yet the paternal desire to restore the 

 wayward children, there were many humane citizen® who 

 felt that their duty to the criminol was not- fully done 

 when they had made him feel the lash of the law. They 

 felt that' a duty rested upon them to adopt measuree to 

 bring him back to the path of virtue. Hence John How- 



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