1014 Mil. A. LOVERIDGK : NOTliS ON 



3. Portuguese East Africa. 



Lumbo is the railhead on mainland 3 miles from Mozambique. 



My thanks are due to Professor Poulton for getting most of 

 the identifications made (the work lias been particularly difficult 

 owing to rough handling of a store-box in the post, resulting in 

 many of the specimens being badly damaged and in some cases 

 detached from their labels), for proof-reading and his many 

 kindnesses and ready help; to W. 0. Crawley, The Rev. F. l3. 

 Morice, Dr. J. Waterston (Hyiftenoptera) ; Major E. E.Austen, 

 D.S.O., E. Brunetti, F. W. Edwards (Diptera); G. J. Arrow, 

 X. G. Blair (Ooleoptera) ; B. Uvarov (Orthoptera) ; Dr. F. A. 

 Dixey, Prof. E. B. Poulton, W. H. T. Tams (Lepidoptera) ; A. S. 

 Hirst (Arachnida), for making the determinations ; and to my 

 chief, Mr. 0. F. M. Swynnerton, for the interest he has always 

 shown in entomological pursuits, particularly those connected 

 with mimicry and warning coloration. 



The material referred to in the following pages is preserved in 

 the Hope Department of the Oxford University Museum, where 

 it may be studied by any naturalist. 



A. Hymenoptera and their Dipterous Mimics. 



"With one exception all the models and mimics mentioned below 

 were taken within an area of 300 square yards on the Otto Planta- 

 tion, Kilosa, Tanganyika Territory, and with six exceptions 

 (mimics 4, 6, 8, 11, 38, & 40) all were taken on the mosquito gauze 

 protecting the verandahs of one or other of two houses not more 

 than two hundred yards apart and in the same clearing. This 

 rather adds to the interest of the specimens, and it will be under- 

 stood that unless otherwise stated all the specimens were taken 

 on this gauze. 



The actual specimens referred to in the notes were I'eceived for 

 every number except, perhaps, No. 34, which is a little uncertain. 



1. Xylocopa inconstans Sm., §. 31.iii. 21. Only a single 

 example of this Carpenter-bee taken, a very perfect model to (4). 

 The timber of both these houses is infested with the borings of 

 (2) and (3), which I consider form an association in the matter 

 of markings or colour from which (4) is likely to benefit. 



2. Xylocopa CAFFRA L., §. 13.iv. 22. Very common. 



3. Xylocopa nigrita F., $. 24. iv. 22. Very common. 



4. Hyperecuia bifasciata Griinb., $ (Laphrinaj : Asilidae). 

 13.iv. 22. This Dipterous mimic was taken at 8 a.m. resting in 

 bright sunshine on the verandah-rail just four feet below the 

 nesting-holes of X. nigrita F. When approached it flew with a 

 faint buzz to the rain-gutter on the roof and right alongside the 

 nesting-holes : netted. 



5. PsAMMOCHARES sp., probably venans Kohl (Pompilidse: 

 Fossoria). 6.vi. 21. Very common, as also several similarly- 

 coloured but larger species, which can be seen flying about the 

 paths and open clearings on any sunshiny day. 



