536 



REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1888. 



The Klamaths, of Oregon, of the 

 Lutaamian stock, use a tire appar- 

 atus that looks very much like that 

 of the Utes. The hearth is a 

 rounded piece of soft wood thin 

 ned down at the ends (fig. 4). The 

 drill is a long, round arrow-stick, 

 with a hard-wood point set in with 

 resin and served with sinew (see 

 Ute drill, fig. 7). The holes in this 

 hearth are very small, being less 

 than three-eighths of an inch in 

 diameter. They are in the center, 

 and the fire slot being cut into the 

 rounded edge widens out below, so 

 that the coal can dropdown and get 

 draught. The wood is quite soft, 

 apparently being sap-wood of yew 

 or cedar, while the drill-point is of 

 the hardest wood obtainable. It is 

 probable that sand is used on the 

 drill. The hearth is 13 inches long, 

 and the drill 26. 



The Ohinooks, a tribe of Indians 

 of a separate stock, called Chi- 

 nookan, formerly lived about the 

 mouth of the Columbia River, in 

 Oregon, but are now nearly ex- 

 tinct. Hon. James G. Swan, the 

 veteran explorer, investigator, and 

 collector among the ^Northwest 

 coast tribes, says that the Chi- 

 nooks are the best wet- weather 

 fire-makers he ever knew.* 



To kindle a fire the Chinook twirls rap- 

 idly between the palms a cedar stick, the 

 point of whicliis pressed into a small hol- 

 low in a flat piece of the same material, 

 the sparks falling on finely frayed bark. 

 Sticks are commonly carried for the pur- 

 pose, improving with iise.t 



Mr. Paul Kane I describes the 

 hearth as a" flat piece of dry cedar. 



Fig. 4, 



FlEEMAKING SET. 



(Cat. No 2409fi, V S N M , 



Klamath Indians, Oregon, 



Collected by L S Dyar ) 



\\^ 



* Swan.— Northwest Coast, p. 248. 

 t Bancroft.— Native Races, i., p. 237, 

 ( Kane. — Wanderings of an Artist among (Cat. n 

 the Indians. London, 1859. 



Fig. 5. 



FlRE-MAKFNG SeT. 



7193, U S. N M , Hupa 

 Indians. Calilornia. Collected by 

 Lieut. P H, Ray, USA,) 



