646 



REPORT OF NATIONAL MtJSEtJM, 1888. 

 CHISELS, GOUGES, AND ADZES. 



The chisels and gouges are similar to the polished stone hatchets Just 

 described, except the difference in form indicated by their name. 



Pig. 21. 

 Chisels and Gouges (principally from the Atlantic States). Adzes (from the northwest coast). 



No. 63, diorite, from Ohio ; 04, lydite, from Connecticut ; 66, horn- 

 stone, from New York ; 07, from Pennsylvania; 08, greenstone, from 

 Massachusetts. Of the adzes 09, 70, and 71 are from the northwest 

 coast. 



GROOVED AXES, HAMMER HEADS, AND HAMMER STONES. 



The grooved axes are peculiar to the United States. They are not 

 found at all, or rarely, in European countries. They were used with a 

 handle, which was attached by means of a withe or thong which passed 

 around in the groove. They were of nearly all sizes, from 2 inches 

 in length, weighing 3 or 4 ounces, to one in the Museum from Illi- 

 nois 13 inches long, 7^ wide, and weighing 20.J pounds. The different 

 styles are shown by the figures. No. 72, greenstone, is from Massachu- 

 setts. The average size and weight was from 5 to 7 inches in length 

 and weight 1^ to 2 pounds. No. 73, greenstone, is from Arizona; 74, 

 greenstone, is from South Carolina; 75 is fronr Wisconsin ; 70, green- 

 tone, is from Alaska ; 77, graywacke, is from Pennsylvania. 



Hammer stones. — The largest number of these are simply pebbles or 

 broken stones which have been used by holding in the hand. Their 

 broken and battered corners and edges, pecked and roughened by num- 

 berless strokes, are the only evidence of their use. Some large and 



