A STUDY OF PEEHISTOEIC ANTHROPOLOGY. 



661 



No. 161 is of syenite J 162, 163, 164, 165 are from California; 166 is 

 fine-grained sandstone, from Ebode Island 5 168, greenstone, from Penn- 

 sylvania; 169, syenite, from Ohio; 167 is from Alaska, 2 feet 5 inches 

 long, of greenstone. Nos. 171 and 172, from the Pacific coast, are 

 labeled as hammers with which to drive wedges to split wood. Dr. 

 Eau says ; 



There is a class of small conoid-sliaped luullers made of hematite, which may have 

 been used for rubbiug paints (No. 174, greenstone, Ohio). 



EOCK SCULPTURES OR PICTOGEAPHS. 



These represent sometimes human, sometimes animal, forms, and 

 sometimes forms which can not be identified. They may have been 

 made by scratching, pecking, or cutting. Occasionally they are colored. 

 The figures are often large and complicated, and could only have been 

 produced by long-continued labor, which, from their position (many 

 times on naked rocks, high up on a i)recipice), was not unaccompanied 

 *by danger. Their position should be noted by the observer ; when pos- 

 sible, sketches should be made aud the discovery reported to the Smith- 

 sonian Institution. 



Gup-stones. These are small cavities wrought by x)ecking in the sur- 

 face, sometimes of the solid rock, and again in bowlders and pebbles. 



They, like the rock-sculpturing, are distributed almost over the en- 

 tire globe, and have been found in regular lines or diagrams high up 

 on the face of the rocks in the Himalaya Mountains. They have been 

 found on large bowlders among the Alps aud all over Europe; also 

 on the stones composing the megalithic monuments of prehistoric man, 

 where the cavities are often polished smooth. They are numerous in 

 Scotland aud England on pebbles or small bowlders, and equally so in 



