THE PALEOLITHIC TERIOD OF THE STONE AGE. 679 



they ouiy show an isolated and widely scattered occupation by man 

 during the paleolithic period. They are far from showing a general 

 occupation as has been established in southern and western Europe. 

 If the occupation shown by these finds was truly that of the paleolithic 

 man I could not bring myself to believe that it was restricted in this 

 way, and I thought that his implements should be found elsewhere. 

 This was needed to establish a general occupation, and a general occu- 

 pation must be established before the scientific world would accept the 

 fact as proved. 



My residencein Europe and my acquaintance with European prehistoric 

 anthropology, especially that portion relating to the paleolithic period, 

 caused me to be deeply interested in the question of theexistence of man 

 during a like period in America, and I began my investigations immedi- 

 ately upon my return. Ifoundin theMuseum many objects labeled "iiude 

 and Unfinished Implements of the Paleolithic Type," and I queried 

 whether they were not truly paleolithic. I was answered in the nega- 

 tive, and it was said that they were but the unfinished implements of 

 the Indians; in fact, his failures when making the more finished and 

 perfect implements. And it was further said that they were always 

 found in connection, and associated with the more perfect implement. 

 While it was not said that they could not be found under the surface 

 or in gravels, yet it was declared that they had not been so found ; on 

 the contrary, all had come from the surface. The argument did not 

 satisfy me, and I pushed my investigations and comparisons. I dis- 

 covered that certain of the implements displayed in the Museum under 

 the name aforesaid, had been found by Mr. E. P. TJpham, my assistant, 

 in times past on the hills around the city of Washington, chiefly those 

 of Piney Branch and Eock Creek. Guided by him I visited the neigh- 

 borhood and our searches were crowned with such success that in the 

 first afternoon we found a greater number than we could carry home. 

 I have since visited the same places in company with several scientific 

 gentlemen of the Geological Survey, Professors Gilbert, McGee, 

 Holmes, Henshaw, and Mr. DeLancey Gill, whose knowledge and ex- 

 perience were of great benefit. We were aided by Mr. S. V. Proudfit 

 and Mr. E. E. Eeynolds, who have pushed their explorations on the 

 Eastern Branch of the Potomac and in the vicinity of the Chain Bridge. 

 These rude implements were found everywhere in profusion. 



Comparison is as good a rule of evidence in archaeology as in law. I 

 applied it by comparing these unknown and unrecognized implements 

 with those from foreign countries which were recognized and admitted 

 as genuine implements made by man during ihe paleolithic period in 

 those countries, and as representatives of its civilization. The result 

 was not less surprising than gratifying. My examination proved to me 

 that, though coming from lands however distant, from other continents 

 separated from ours by wide oceans, these were all the same imple- 

 ments. Their identity was complete. Both showed the handiwork of 



