SCIENCE 
A WEEKLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE, PUBLISHING THE 
OFFICIAL NOTICES AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION 
FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. 
EDITORIAL COMMITTEE : S. NEwcomsB, Mathematics; R. S. WooDwarRpb, Mechanics; E. C. PIcKERING, 
Astronomy ; T. C. MENDENHALL, Physics ; R. H. THURSTON, Engineering ; IRA REMSEN, Chemistry ; 
JOSEPH LE ConTE, Geology ; W. M. Davis, Physiography ; HENRY F. OsBoRN, Paleontology ; 
W. K. Brooks, C. HART MERRIAM, Zoology ; S. H. ScuDDER, Entomology ; C. E. BESSsEY, 
N. L. Brirron, Botany; C. S. Minot, Embryology, Histology; H. P. Bownpitcu, 
Physiology; J. 8S. BILLINGS, 
Hygiene ; 
WititiAmM H. WELCH, Pathology ; 
J. MCKEEN CATTELL, Psychology ; J. W. PowELL, Anthropology. 
Fripay, Marcu 29, 1901. 
CONTENTS : 
The Embryological Basis of Pathology: PROFESSOR 
CHARLES SEDGWICK MINOT ®.........::00ccseeeeees 481 
The Determination of the Type in Composite Genera 
of Animals and Plants: PRESIDENT DAVID 
STARR JORDAN tcccceseo! aaetesectocssenensseseeacese eras 498 
Note on the Number of Particles in the Saturated 
Phosphorus Emanation. ........ adoogaavadscocescdse00000 501 
Scientific Books :-— 
Report of the U. S. Commissioner of Patents: 
PROFESSOR R. H. THuRsSToN. Lummer’s Pho- 
tographie Optics, Herman’s Geometrical Optics : 
R. W. Dr. Gray’s Familiar Talks on Science : 
PROFESSOR F'. B. CROCKER. Books Received... 503 
Societies and Academies :— 
Biological Society of Washington: F. A. LUCAS. 
Chemical Society of Washington : L. S. Munson. 
Philosophical Society of Washington : CHARLES 
K. WEAD. Geological Society of Washington: 
Dr. F. L. RANSOME and DAVID WHITE. Sec- 
tion of Geology and Mineralogy of the New York 
Academy of Sciences: DR. THEODORE G. WHITE. 
Minnesota Academy of Natural Sciences: F. G. 
Yi AEPA VISIT} congapdsonsonacoopenecaccoscoecdoovOnsecosoees 506 
Shorter Articles :— 
Chiasmodon in the Indian Ocean: Dr. H. M. 
SmitH. The San José Scale Problem as compared 
with the Orange Scale Problem: Dr. F. M. 
AVES Poccooasacsccoas: See ear mates ostcseeessemeracsetes 510 
Current Notes on Meteorology :— 
Climate of Argentina ; Monthly Weather Review ; 
Notes: PROFESSOR R. DEC. WARD 
eLLO WHT EUET sectwceces ssensisesscvedeteere sas stecs : 900000000 coo 1133 
The New Star in Perseus: PROFESSOR GEORGE E. 
FEATS se ceistvaieirarceteicnee sis eles istic sSeweativen dellolqeces ci » 514 
Scientific Notes and News........ honsostocosnpucccnnonoson 515 
University and Educational News.....0..cs.0.ss+00see0es 519 
MSS. intended for publication and books, etc., intended 
or review should be sent to the responsible editor, Pro- 
fessor J. McKeen Cattell Garrison-on-Hudson, N. Y. 
THE EMBRYOLOGICAL BASIS OF 
PATHOLOGY.* 
EXMBRYOLoGYy is the basis upon which 
pathological science must be erected. Pa- 
thology is even more a superstructure upon 
embryology than is anatomy. Anatomy, 
in its descriptive form, may stand by itself 
and have usefulness. Pathology cannot be 
built up as a merely descriptive science. 
It fails of its true purpose unless it discoy- 
ers the causes of diseases. Now since func- 
tion is dependent on structure, the aim of 
the pathologist must be first to discover the 
causes of morbid structure. In brief, pa- 
thology at the present time deals chiefly with 
problems of the development of anatomical 
forms. Pathology and embryology might 
almost be united in a single comprehensive 
study—morphogeny. Let us then try, for 
this evening at least, to free ourselves from 
the conception of an essential difference 
between normal and abnormal structure, a 
conception which, I believe, domineers too 
largely over our daily thoughts. This belief 
of mine I hope to justify to-night. 
Simple description is indispensable, it 
furnishes the virgin facts ; but facts do not 
develop by parthenogenesis into science ; 
they must be saturated with the stimulus 
of study, with the stimulus of knowledge 
of their history, their antecedents, their 
causation, then we may see them evolving 
* The Middleton Goldsmith lecture delivered before 
the New York Pathological Society, March 26, 1901. 
