JUNE 14, 1901.] 
with 25,800 in 1899. The highest point was 
reached in 1897 with 30,952. It is somewhat 
interesting to note that, while there has been a 
falling off in the number of patents granted to 
citizens in the United Kingdom and also to 
citizens of Germany and France, the number of 
applications from the United States increased 
from 3,002 in 1899 to 3,189 in 1900. 
THE English papers state that a complete 
installation of Marconi’s wireless telegraphy, 
specially suitable for signalling purposes as 
used in the navy, has been fitted on board the 
Elder, Dempster Beaver liner, Lake Champlain. 
This installation is the first which has been 
fitted on any of the Atlantic liners sailing from 
Liverpool. The Lake Champlain left the 
Mersey for Halifax on May 21, with over 
1,000 passengers, and arrangements were made 
to establish communication between the vessel 
and the Marconi wireless telegraph station at 
Holyhead. At 9:37 P. M., when off the Sker- 
ries, contact was obtained with the Holyhead 
station, the vessel being then 13 miles distant. 
Numerous telegrams were then forwarded from 
passengers to friends in all parts of the United 
Kingdom, each message being acknowledged by 
the receiving operator. Constant communica- 
tion with the station was continued until 1 
A. M., the vessel being then 37 miles distant. 
Communication was established with the Mar- 
coni station at Rosslare, and at 4:30 A. M., a 
fresh batch of telegrams was forwarded, noti- 
fying the vessel’s arrival off the Tuskar Light 
to the owners, Messrs. Elder, Dempster & Co. 
ACCORDING to Reuter’s Agency the ice- 
breaker Yermak will leave Kronstadt on May 
29 for Newcastle, and, after coaling there, will 
proceed to Tromsé to cooperate in the fresh 
phase of the Spitzbergen expedition for the 
measurement of the terrestrial meridian. It is 
expected that by the end of June next she will 
be able to return to Troms6 and take on board 
Vice Admiral Makaroff, who is to direct the 
projected Arctic expedition. In the course of 
this expedition she will coast round Novaya 
Zemlya in order to determine precisely the out- 
lines of that island. The Yermak will next in- 
spect the state of the ice on the channel leading 
to the Yenisei River, in order to ascertain the 
correctness of the widely held theory that the 
SCIENCE. 
959 
passage to the Siberian rivers to the north of 
Novaya Zemlya is better than that by the Yugor 
Strait. Lieutenant Isliamoff, the astronomer, 
M. Weber, the geologist, and M. Vukuloff, © 
the chemist, will take part in the Arctic expe- 
dition. 
UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL NEWS. 
Mr. ANDREW CARNEGIE has transferred $10, - 
000,000 to trustees for university education in 
Scotland. The trustees include Lord Rosebery, 
Lord Kelvin, Mr. John Morley and other emi- 
nent Scottish citizens. It is expressly stated in 
the deed of gift that the fund is intended 
to improve and extend the opportunities for 
scientific research in the universities of Scotland 
and to facilitate attendance by paying the fees 
of students ; and it is understood that the in- 
come will be divided equally between these 
two objects. The departments to be strength- 
ened are science, medicine, modern languages, 
English literature and history. 
In view of Mr. Carnegie’s great gift for Scot- 
tish universities, the following statistics regard- 
ing attendance and fees, published in a British 
parliamentary paper, are of interest. It will 
be noted that one-half of the income of the 
fund would pay all fees. The summer sessions, 
attended by 431 students, are not included. 
Winter Session, 1899-1900. 
| Men. | Women. Total. Fees. 
St. Andrews... 264) 114 | 378 | £2,934 46 
Glasgow .......0++ 1,604; 329 | 1,933) 13,597 10 0 
Aberdeen .......... 661 | 107 | 768 | 5,169 136 
Edinburgh.. 242 | 250 | 2,677 | 19,889 18:7 
| i} 
Mo Galle sseeceseneeees | 4,956 | 800 | 5,756 £41,591 67 
THE University of Glasgow has received sub- 
scriptions amounting to £38,000 toward an in- 
creased endowment. This sum includes an 
anonymous gift of £5,000 for the department 
of physiology. Among the donors of subserip- 
tions of £1,000 are Lord Kelvin, Lord Rosebery 
and Mr. J. S. Kennedy, of New York. 
COLUMBIA. UNIVERSITY has received an 
anonymous gift of $20,000, of which $10,000 is 
for the purchase of books, $5,000 for a historical 
reading room and $5,000 for general purposes. 
Barnard College has received $1,500 for fitting 
up the zoological laboratory. Teachers Col- 
