Yet there is no institution teaching it. We 
need to expand our few and scanty classes 
in zoology and physiology into an organized 
school of instruction and research into all 
the biological processes that are or can be 
applied to industry. We pass to another 
range of science in mathematics and as- 
tronomy ; but it is one in which London 
has a special interest. It seems almost in- 
eredible that in the greatest port of the 
world, providing its own large quota to our 
mercantile marine, absolutely no public pro- 
vision exists for instruction in the art of 
navigation, or in the application of mathe- 
matics and astronomy on which the art 
depends. There is urgent need for the 
establishment, in connection with the Uni- 
versity, preferably in East London, of a 
school of nautical astronomy and naviga- 
tion, including the applications of mag- 
netism and meteorology to the sailor’s art. 
The Science Faculty seems thus to re- 
quire : 
1. Increase in staff of professors and in- 
structors at existing centers—say, £15,000 
a year (£500,000). 
2. Extensions at existing centers in build- 
ings and equipment to accommodate addi- 
tional students—say, £80,000. 
3. New centers— building, equipment, 
and endowment of science departments at, 
say, three at £40,000 (£120,000). 
4. New subjects—provision for buildings, 
equipment, and endowment of centers for 
electro-chemistry (£100,000), mining and 
metallurgy (£100,000), technological chem- 
istry (£100,000), bacteriology and biology 
in its industrial relations (£100,000), nau- 
tical astronomy and navigation (£100,000), 
ete.—total for science, £1,200,000. 
SCIENTIFIC BOOKS. 
Lehrbuch der vergleichenden mikroskopischen Anat- 
omie der Wirbelthiere. By Dr. ALBERT OPPEL. 
Dritter Theil. Mundhoéhle, Bauschspeichel- 
drise und Leber. Jena, Fischer. 1900. 
SCIENCE. 
[N. S. Vou. XIII. No. 339. 
With this volume is completed the discussion 
of the digestive system. Volume I. comprised 
the stomach and included 548 pages; Volume 
II., the esophagus and intestine, in 682 pages. 
The present volume consists of 1180 pages, 
with XI. plates and 679 figures in the text, 
therefore exceeding considerably the preced- 
ing volumes in size in accordance with the 
greater complexity of the parts considered. 
The work follows closely the plan of the 
preceding volumes. Each subdivision is dis- 
cussed in historical sequence, the statements of 
the author being included between oblique 
lines, //. In accordance with the plan, the 
greatest pains have been taken to show the 
present state of knowledge of the structure of 
each partin the different forms, and to this end 
the search in the literature has been made ex- 
haustive, and references to all papers, however 
trivial, have been sought out. No prejudice has 
influenced the writer in favor of continental 
investigators to the exclusion of others ; indeed, 
the recognition of American work seems to be 
greater than that accorded by many American 
writers. The quotation of each author is fol- 
lowed by his name and the year of publication. 
The complete title is given in a bibliography 
in the end of the volume. 
Where there are differences of interpretation 
(as, e.g., as to the nature of the demilunes in the 
mucous salivary glands), the different theories 
are propounded, weighed and (where possible ) 
some choice is indicated. 
The text is followed by a table of animal 
forms, giving a key to the position of the species 
considered in the text and an arrangement of 
their families in systematic order. This is fol- 
lowed by the bibliography of 50 pages, and 
finally, author and subject indices. 
In the body of the work the oral cavity with 
its adnexa, pancreas and liver are taken up 
successively. In connection with the oral cay- 
ity are discussed: the structure of the mucous 
membrane in the different classes ; the pharynx 
of mammals; the lymphoid tissue of the oral 
cavity ; the tongue; nerves and sense-organs ; 
and finally, the oral (salivary) glands. The 
teeth, which on many accounts might seem to be 
properly included, are omitted to be discussed 
with the skeletal system in a subsequent volume. 
