1896.] BEITISH SYDEOIDS ANd MBDUSjJ}. 483 



The second set of synonyms of the Atlantic form refers to 

 Thaumantias pilosclla, Forbes. This medusa I liave taken and 

 have been able to clearly establish its identity. The history of 

 this species is given under Euchilota inlosella in these Notes. It 

 possesses marginal vesicles and belongs to the Eucopida;, and has 

 no connection whatever with the genus Laodice. Agassiz (1862) 

 first placed Thaumantias inlosella in the genus Laodice as a 

 synonym of Laodice stai<,roglyplia. 



The synonyms of the Mediterranean form of Laodice cruciata 

 may be divided into three sets. The first set belongs to the 

 synonyms of Medusa cruciata, Forskal (1775) ; the second to 

 Oceania Ihieolata, Peron and Lesueur (1809); and the third set to 

 Thaumantias incditerranea, Gegenbaur (1856). 



Medusa cruciata, ForskSl (1775). 



? Aurelia rufescens, Peron and Lesueur (1809). 

 Aurelia crucigera, llisso (1826). 

 Medusa crucigera, Eschscholtz (1829). 

 Oceania cruciata, Wagner (1841). 

 1 Medusa cacuminata, Modeer (1791). 

 ? Oceania cacuminata, Eschscholtz (1829). 

 Laodice crucigera. Lesson (1813). 

 Thaumantias corollata, Leuckart (1856). 



rorsliSl's description and figures of Medusa cruciata do not 

 possess any characteristic features by which they may be identified 

 with any medusa described by recent writers. 



Pcroii gives a vague description of Aurelia rufescens, and believes 

 it may be identical with Medusa cruciata, Forskll. 



Eschscholtz believes that Medusa cacuminata, Modeer, may be 

 identical with ForskSl's medusa. 



Lesson unites all the above synonyms (except Thaumantias 

 corollata') under the name of Laodice crucigera. 



It appears that all the early observers were either describing 

 one species, or if two existed they were not able to distinguish 

 clearly one from the other. 



Leucl^art describes Thaumantias corollata as a new species, and 

 from the description and figure given it seems to be closely related 

 to Forskal's medusa. 



The second set of synonyms refers to Aurelia lineolata, Peron 

 (1809) and Dianrva lineolata, Lamarck (1817). 



Peron refers to a " variety of medusa.," Borlase (1758). I have 

 looked up Borlase's description and figures : he clearly had under 

 observation a specimen of Aurelia aurita. 



The third set of synonyms refers to a species called Thaumantias 

 mediterranea, described by Gegenbaur in 185G. This species was 

 again described by Haeclcel in 1804 under tlie name of Cosmetira, 

 punctata. It is quite distinct from Thaumantias pilosclla, Forbes, 

 It is witliout marginal vesicles, and possesses both filiform and 

 club-shaped cirri between the tentacles. 



I have taken at Valencia three specimens of a medusa which 



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