688 MB. F. G. PABSONS ON THE [June 16, 



cation of older bones, I find that the centre for the attachment of 

 the ligamentum patellsB first unites with that for the head, and 

 then with the shaft before the latter is united with the head. 

 The Fibula has an upper and lower epiphysis. In the foot the 

 bones are the same as in Macropus gicjanteus. On the planiar 

 surface of the base of the fourth metatarsal there is a facet 

 articulating with a triangular bone, which probably is the rudiment 

 of the first metatarsal ; this bone is in close contact with the 

 internal cuneiform, though it does not articulate with it. 



The Articular System. 



Clavicular Articulations. — The outer end of the clavicle is attached 

 to the ti]) of the acromion by a ligamentous band about I inch 

 long, so that there is no synovial cavity between these bones. In 

 addition to this there is a coraco-clavicular ligament about 5 inch 

 long, which connects the outer end of the posterior border of the 

 clavicle to the small coracoid process ; this ligament passes above 

 the origin of the biceps, with which some of its deeper fibres are 

 continuous. 



The Shoulder-joint has no openings at all in the capsule, the 

 biceps tendon passing entirely superficial to it. It is not specially 

 thickened at any point. When the posterior part of it is cut and 

 the bones separated, a gleno-humeral ligament is seen running 

 obliquely downwards and outwards from the base of the coracoid 

 process towards the lower part of the lesser tuberosity. This 

 so-called ligament is in reality only a fold of the synovial 

 membrane, the free border of which is ci-enated and projects into 

 the joint cavity ; it is best marked near the scapula. 



The Elbow-joint is remarkable for allowing a good deal of lateral 

 movement when it is flexed. The anterior ligament has two 

 strengthening bands, the external of which is oblique and runs from 

 the external condyle downward and inward to the radius just above 

 the tubercle ; it helps to limit pronationwhen the elbow is extended. 

 The other band is vertical and runs down from in front of the 

 internal condyle to just below the coronoid process of the ulna. 

 The infernal lateral ligament consists of two thickened bands 

 arranged in the form of an inverted V, the anterior runs from the 

 internal condyle to the coronoid, the posterior from the internal 

 condyle to the olecranon process ; the interval between these is 

 filled in by a thin membrane. The external lateral ligament is a 

 single strong band, which passes from the external condyle to the 

 orbicular ligament and necii of the radius ; it is inseparable from 

 the supinator brevis tendon, and from its joint surface there is a 

 pyramidal synovial and fatty projection which occupies the 

 triangular non-articular gap in the outer side of the great sigmoid 

 notch where the olecranon joins the coronoid process. The 

 posterior ligament is thin and lax. 



The Sujierior radio-ulnar joint has an orbicular ligament ; it 



