1896.] BATBACHIANS OJF THE ilALAl" PENINSULA. 89.^ 



length of the hiud foot ; while in all the adult Singapore specimens 

 examined the breadth across the gape is greater than the distance 

 from augle of mouth to end of snout, and equal to or greater than 

 the length of the hind foot, but in the youog of the Singapore 

 variety the gape is less than the hind foot. The interorbital 

 space in the largest Penang specimen is equal to, in the six others 

 less than, the upper eyelid, in some considerably less ; in the 

 Singapore variety, in young specimens the interorbital space is 

 slightly less than the upper eyelid, in fair-sized specimens equal 

 to it, and in large specimens one half broader ttian the upper 

 eyelid. Blanford mtintions the Singapore frog as having a smaller 

 eye ; but if specimens of similar size of the two varieties are com- 

 pared, it will be seen not to be noticeable. Tympanum distinct, 

 slightly larger in the Singapore variety, but variable in size ; it is 

 also variable in shape, when not circular, in the Singapore variety 

 it has its greater diameter in a vertical position, in the Penang 

 variety in a horizontal direction. In the Singapore variety a 

 strong, prominent fold (well-developed in even quite small 

 specimens) runs from behind the eye horizontally to over the 

 tympanum, and then turns down at an obtuse angle and runs 

 straight to the shoulder ; in the Penang a ariety this fold is much 

 less prominent, and instead of forming an obtuse angle forms a 

 curve above the tympanum ; hoviever, this character cannot divide 

 the two forms, as in the British Museum specimens will be found 

 with every gradation from the angular to the curved fold. 



Fingers moderate, first much longer than the second ; toes 

 broadly webbed, in the Singapore variety the web is more deeply 

 emargiuate than in the Penang variety, the terminal two phalanges 

 of the fourth toe have only a narrow fringe of web along their 

 sides. The tarsal fold is very variable in size, and often wanting. 

 The fingers and toes have slightly though distinctly swollen tips, 

 and the subarticular tubercles of fingers and toes are well developed ; 

 the inner metatarsal tubercle is elongate and blunt, there is no 

 outer tubercle : in these characters there is no difference between 

 the two varieties. The hind limb being carried forvvard along the 

 body the tibio-tarsal articulation reaches beyond the eye, usually 

 to the end of the snout ; the Penang specimens have on the whole 

 longer hind legs than those from Singapore when measured in this 

 way. 



SIdn smooth above. Hinder portion of upper eyeUd tubercular. 

 In young specimens there is a narrow glandular fold on each side 

 of the back, and other, both round and lougitudinal, glands 

 scattered over the skin of the upper surfaces ; these glands gradu- 

 ally disappear with age, but seem more persistent in the Penang 

 variety. Male without vocal sacs. 



Blanford distinguished the Singapore variety from liana fusca 

 (Blyth) by, 1st, a much broader head ; 2iid, a smaller eye ; 3rd, a 

 larger tympanum ; 4th, flatter muzzle ; 5th, nostrils nearer together ; 

 6th, web of the hind toes less developed. Although, as mentioned 



