SCIENCE 



Editoeial Committee : S. Nswoomb, Mathematics ; E. S. Woodwaed, Mechanics ; E. C. Pickering, As- 

 tronomy ; T. C. Mendenhall, Physios ; E. H. Thueston, Engineering ; Iea Eemsen, Chemistry ; 

 J. Le Conte, Geology; W. M. Davis, Physiography; O. C. Maesh, Paleontology; W. K. Beooks, 

 Invertebrate Zoology ; C. Hakt Mekeiam, Vertebrate Zoology ; S. H. Scuddee, Entomology ; 

 N. L. Beitton, Botany ; Heney F. Osboen, General Biology ; H. P. Bowditch, 

 Physiology ; J. S. Billings, Hygiene ; J. McKebn Cattbll, Psychology ; 

 Daniel G. Beinton, J. W. Powell, Anthropology ; 

 G. Beown Goode, Scientific Organization. 



Friday, Febeuaey 14, 1896. 



CONTENTS: 



A Memorial Appreciation of Charles Valentine Biley ; 



G. Beown Goode 217 



Scientific Materialism : lEA Eemsen 225 



On a New Kind of Bays: W. 0. Eontgen 327 



BontgenBays: M. I. Pdpin 231 



Experiments on tJie X-Bays : Edwin B. FEOST....235 

 Experiments on the Bontgen X-Bays: Aethue 



W. GOODSPEED 236 



Scientific Notes and News : — 



General 237 



University and Educational News 240 



Discussion and Correspondence: — 



The Declination Systems of Boss and Auwers : H. 



Jacoby. The Age of Philadelphia Brick Clay : G. 



Feedeeick Weight. Ancient Mexican Feather 



Work: Zelia Nuttall 241 



Scientific Literature : — 



Neio Data on Spirula : W. H. Dall. Hunting 



in Many Lands: C. H. M ThouleVs Guide 



d'oceanographie pratique : G. "W. Littlehalbs..243 

 Scientific Journals : — 



The Journal of Geology ; The Psychological Bevimii ; 



Psyche 247 



Societies and Academies : — 



Chemical Society of Washington : A. C. PeALE. 



Biological Society of Washington : F. A. Lucas. 



Geological Conference of Harvard University : T. 



A. Jaggae, Jr. St. Louis Academy of Science: 



William Trelease. Nebraska Academy of 



Sciences: G. D. Swezey 249 



New Books 252 



MSS. intended for publication and books etc., intended 

 for review should be sent to the responsible editor, Prof. J. 

 McEeen Cattell, Garrison-on-Hudson, N. Y. 



A MEMOBIAL APPBECIATION OF CHABLE8 

 VALENTINE BILEY* 



The name of Charles Valentine Riley is 

 known in every part of the world where 

 there are naturalists or intelligent agricul- 

 turists. His contributions to biological 

 science and to agricultural economy were 

 extensive and important, and were very 

 highly esteemed abroad as well as at home. 



At the time of his death he was fifty-two 

 years old. Those who have known him 

 only in recent days cannot have a full ap- 

 preciation of many of his most character- 

 istic and attractive traits. During the last 

 ten years, worn out by intense devotion to 

 his work, his energies exhausted by inces- 

 sant application, his nervous vitality de- 

 pleted by the friction of a long and arduous 

 official career, though still remarkable for 

 his force and productiveness, he was by no 

 means the same as in the fourth decade of 

 his life. 



When, in 1894, he resigned his position 

 as chief of the Bureau of Entomology, it 

 was the belief and hope of his friends that, 

 relieved from the official burden which had 

 become so irksome to him, he would be 

 able to devote the remainder of his life en- 

 tirely to scientific pursuits. With his vast 

 learning, his experience as an investigator, 

 and the opportunities for leisurely study 



* Presented at the annual meeting of the Joint Com- 

 mission of the Scientific Societies of Washington, Jan- 

 uary 18, 1896. 



