SCIENCE 



Editokial Committee : S. Newcomb, Mathematics ; E. S. Woodward, Mechanics ; E. C. Pickering, As- 

 tronomy ; T. C. Mendenhall, Physics ; E. H. Thurston, Engineering ; Iea Eemsen, Chemistry ; 

 J. Le Conte, Geology; W. M. Davis, Physiography; O. C. Marsh, Paleontology; W. K. Brooks, 

 Invertebrate Zoology ; C. Hart Meeeiam, Vertebrate Zoology ; S. H. Souddee, Entomology ; 

 N. L. Beitton, Botany ; Hbney F. Osboen, General Biology ; H. P. Bowditch, 

 Physiology ; J. S. Billings, Hygiene ; J. McKben Cattbll, Psychology ; 

 Daniel G. Beinton, J. W. Powell, Anthropology ; 

 G. Brown Goode, Scientific Organization. 



Feiday, March 20, 1896. 



CONTENTS: 



Vivisection ; A Statement in iehaJf of Science 421 



Certitudes and Illusions; An Illusion concerning 

 Best: J. W. Powell 426 



Scientific Notes and News : — 



Astronomy: H.J. Marine Organisms ; General. ASS 



University and Educational News 437 



Discussion and Correspondence: — 

 Heredity and Instinct : J. Mark Baldwin. In- 

 stinct : "Wesley Mills. Peculiar Ahraision of 

 Tree Trunks : Peecy M. Van Epps. TJie Puma, 

 or Mountain Lion: Meeidbn S. Hill. Logic 

 and the Retinal Image: W. K. Beooks. Cer- 

 titudes and Illusions : J.W.Powell 438 



Scientific Literature : — 



William's Geological Biology •' W. H. D. Winge 

 on Brazilian Carnivora : Geerit S. Miller, Jb. 

 Keane's Ethnology: D. G. Beinton. Volcanic 

 Pocks: J. B. WooDWORTH 445 



Scientific Journals : — 



TTie Astro-physical Journal ; The American Geolo- 

 gist 450 



Societies and Academies : — 



Philosophical Society of Washington : BERNARD 

 E. Green. Entomological Society of Washington ; 

 New York Academy of Sciences, Biological Section : 

 C. L. Bristol. Section of Astronomy and Physics : 

 W. Hallock. Boston Society of Natural History : 

 Samuel Henshaw. Academy of Natural Sci- 

 ences of Philadelphia : Edw. J. NOLAN. North- 

 western University Science Cluh : A. E. Ceook. 

 Academy of Science of St. Louis: William 

 Teelease 452 



MSS. intended for publication and boobs etc., intended 

 tor review should be sent to the responsible editor, Prof. J. 

 McKeen Cattell, Garrison-on-Hudson, N. Y. 



VIVISECTION.* 

 A STATEMENT IN BEHALF OP SCIENCfi. 



So long ago as the autumn of 1866 there 

 were published in New York denunciations 

 of the practice of making upon living ani- 

 mals those scientific observations and ex- 



* The sciences which have to do with animal ex- 

 perimentation are physiology, physiological chemistry, 

 pharmacology, medical chemistry, toxicology, mor- 

 phology (including anatomy and embryology), bac- 

 teriology, pathology, medicine and surgery. These 

 sciences are largely represented in this country by 

 the American Physiological Society, the American 

 Society of Morphologists, the American Anatomical 

 Society, the American Society of Naturalists, the 

 American Society of Physicians, and the American 

 Society of Surgeons. 



In December last the presidents of the above so- 

 cieties were invited to appoint members of a joint 

 committee to sit in Philadelphia on the occasion of 

 the annual meeting in that city of several of these 

 associations. 



The accompanying ' statement in behalf of science ' 

 was adopted by this joint committee of thirty-four 

 members, and is now published over their signatures, 

 with the addition of several names of persons specially 

 qualified to speak on the subject, but not members of 

 the committee. It sets forth the importance of animal 

 experimentation for the advancement of medicine, 

 and may be accepted as an authoritative expression of 

 expert opinion on this question. 



(Signed) Charles W. Eliot, 



President of Harvard University. 



Francis A. Walkbe, 

 President of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 

 Frank K. Paddock, 

 President of the Massachusetts Medical Society. 



Boston, February 24, 1896. 



