FAUNA OF THE AFRICAN LAKES. 587 



ill the other hikes*, although Schuliotz states that he completely 

 failed to find any in Kivu (156, p. xiv). The siDecies from 

 Victoria ISTyanza and Nyasa are quite ordinary forms, but those 

 known from Tanganyika exhibit divergences of at least specific 

 rank from the types collected in any other part of the continent. 

 Of the eight species enumerated in the adjoining table, seven 

 belong to the cosmopolitan fresh-water genus Spovyilla, the 

 eighth — about which doubts have been raised — being refei'red 

 provisionally to the genus rotamolepis. 



Table of Disirihntion of Porifera'f. 



Name of Species. '^'^^P"' ^''^toria ^ Otl.ev parts of 



yika. Nyanza. "i^^'^- the world. 



Family Spongillid*. 



Spoiigilla biseriata ... ... P Egypt. 



„ bohmii ]' § ... ... E.Africa. 



,, cavtevi ... P ... Huna;ary, India, Java. 



„ cunniiigtoiii ... E 



., nioorei E 



„ iiitens P§ ... ... White Nile. 



„ taugaiiyikfB ... E 



Potamolepis weltiieri ... P] 



Sspecies 4E, 2P. IP. IP. 



§ Not actiiallj' recorded from tlie lake itself, but from within its drainage area. 



The distinctness of the fauna of Tanganyika is once more 

 exemplified in the case of the sponges, and is shown graphically by 

 the al)ove list. "While Victoria, Nyanza and Nyasa each contain a 

 single species of somewhat extended distribution, Tanganyika 

 contains six other types, four of them (those occin-iing in the 

 waters of the lake itself) being endemic. 



The forms from Lake Victoria and Nyasa, both of which were 

 obta,ine<l for the first time by my expedition, do not call for much 

 comment. SpongiLln carte7'i, now known from Victoria Nyanza, is 

 the only sponge from the lakes to occur outside the continent of 

 Africa. While it occinvs in Europe, its occurrence also in India, and 

 Java is noteworthy in view of the affinities of other African and 

 Indian types to vvhich reference has already been made. Five 

 species of /S'^yongilla have been recognised from the Tanganyika 

 a.rea, three of them — a,ll endemic — from the lake proper, and the 

 remainder from the Ugalla River, a tributary of the Malagarasi, 

 which in its turn entei's the lake. The forms from the Ugalla. 

 Rivei', S. hohmii and S. nitcvs, occur also in other parts of Africa. 

 Following the usual procedure, from which it is perhaps illogical 

 to depart, these species are inserted with an explanatory footnote 

 in the Tanganyika column, but it may be pointed out that the 



* Sponge spicules were observed bj- West in tow-nettings made in Albert Nyanza 

 (201). It is probable that these occurred in the sample obtained from near the 

 bottom in about 30 feet of water. 



t Tlie principal source of information on this group lias been Kirkpatrick (105) > 

 where references to other authors are given. 



