August 3, 1906.] 



SCIENCE. 



157 



Tuesday, July 3, at 4 p.m. — General opening 

 meeting. Addresses by the president of the in- 

 stitute, the president of the Sociological Society, 

 and a representative of the University of London. 

 Report of the secretary-general. 



8:30 P.M. — Conversazione given by the Univer- 

 sity of London. 



Wednesday, July 4, at 10:30 a.m. — ' Carac- 

 tferes generaux des luttes sociales ' : M. J. Novicow, 

 Professor Lester Ward, Professor Ludwig Gum- 

 plowicz. Dr. Raoul de la Grasserie, M. S. Hal- 

 perine. 



3:30 P.M. — Garden party given by Lord Ave- 

 buiy. 



Thursday, July 5, at 10:30 a.m. — Suite du 

 debat. — ' Les luttes sociales d'aprfes Herbert 

 Spencer ' : Professor Ludwig Stein. ' La guerre 

 est-elle un facteur necessaire ? ' : Professor A. D. 

 Xenopol. 



2.30 p.m. — ' Luttes sociales derivees des prob- 

 lemes industriels en Angleterre ' : M. Frederic 

 Harrison. ' La lutte pour le travail, et les in- 

 employes ' : Professor Loch. ' Etude comparee des 

 luttes sociales contemporaines dans les principaux 

 pays occidentaux, y compris I'Amerique du Nord ' : 

 Dr. Emil Reich. 



8 P.M. — Banquet given by the Sociological So- 

 ciety. 



Friday, July 6, at 10:30 a.m. — 'La sociologie 

 des partis politiques ' : Professor Lester Ward. 

 ' L' evolution politique de I'ltalie ' : Senator Pro- 

 fessor G. Arcoleo. ' La f oule et les meneurs ' : 

 M. K. J. Kochanowski. ' Les luttes intermen- 

 tales': M. Emile Frey. 



2:30 p.m. — Closing meeting. 



RESULTS OF THE GERMAN CENSUS. 

 The results of the German census, which 

 was taken on December 1, last, represent the 

 total population of the home empire as 60,605,- 

 183 persons, an increase of over 47 per cent, 

 since 1871, and of 7.52 per cent, since the 

 census of 1900. A study of the distribution 

 of the increase among the various parts of the 

 empire shows that Prussia, with nearly two 

 thirds (37,278,820) of the total population, has 

 grown at a greater rate than the rest of Ger- 

 many, the increase in the number of its in- 

 habitants during the past five years being 8.14 

 per cent. Growth has been most rapid in the 

 three western provinces in the valley of the 

 middle Rhine — Westphalia (13.50 per cent.), 

 Ehineland (11.74 per cent.), and Hesse-Nassau 



(9.07 per cent.) — which, with an area of less 

 than one fifth of that of Prussia, contains 

 nearly one third (12,124,062) of its population. 

 In the county (Kegierungs-Bezirke) of Pots- 

 dam there has been an exceptionally rapid in- 

 crease in the population the number of in- 

 habitants being returned as 2,327,853, or 20.66 

 per cent, more than in 1900. The city of 

 Berlin, the population of which is enumer- 

 ated separately, had last December 2,040,222 

 inhabitants, an increase of 8.01 per cent. In 

 no province or county of Prussia was there a 

 decline in the population during the inter- 

 censal period, but the growth in the eastern 

 provinces, occupying the sandy North German 

 plain, was below both the average for Prussia 

 and the average for the German Empire. In 

 the province of East Prussia the rate of in- 

 crease was only 1.46 per cent, (in the previous 

 five years, however, a decline had been regis- 

 tered) ; in the province of West Prussia it 

 was 5.01 per cent., in the county of Frankfurt 

 (Brandenburg) 1.93 per cent., in the province 

 of Pomerania 3.02 per cent., and in Posen, 

 Silesia, and Prussian Saxony between 5 and 6 

 per cent. In Hanover the rate of increase 

 rose again to 6.52 per cent., while in German 

 Jutland (Schleswig-Holstein) it exceeded the 

 average, being 8.38 per cent. Outside of 

 Prussia the population of the two great south- 

 ern kingdoms, Bavaria and Wiirtemburg, com- 

 prising much of the southwestern highlands 

 as well as the alpine foreland of Germany, 

 rose by 5.45 and 6.03 per cent., respectively, 

 and amounted last December to 8,813,154, 

 while the already densely populated kingdom 

 of Saxony, with 4,502,350 inhabitants, had in- 

 creased its population by 7.14 per cent. In 

 the Grand Duchy of Baden (2,009,320 in- 

 habitants), bordering the right bank of the 

 upper Ehine, the rate of increase was precisely 

 that of the German Empire — 7.52 per cent., 

 while in Hesse and Oldenburg it reached 8.14 

 and 9.77 per cent., respectively, furnishing an- 

 other instance of the rapidity with which the 

 population is increasing in western and north- 

 western Germany. Among the small states 

 bunched together in the highlands of Central 

 Germany, the rate of increase was compara- 



