202 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XXIV. No. 607. 



25° C. The solubility of gypsum in lime 

 solutions is depressed with increasing 

 amounts of lime, while the solubility of 

 lime in gypsum solutions shows very slight 

 increases. The solution in contact with 

 both calcium hydroxide and gypsum con- 

 tains 1.59 grams CaSO^ per liter and 1.22 

 grams of calcium hydroxide per liter. A 

 solution containing calcium hydroxide 

 alone contains 1.17 grams per liter and a 

 solution containing gypsum carries 2.13 

 grams of calcium sulphate per liter. There 

 is no basic sulphate of calcium at this tem- 

 perature. 



The Solubility of Gypsum in PhospJioric 



Acid Solutions: W. C. Taber. 



The solubility of gypsum in several 

 acids, notably hydrochloric, nitric and sul- 

 phuric, has already been studied. In this 

 investigation of its solubility in phosphoric 

 acid it was found that at 25° C. small 

 amounts of phosphoric acid increase the 

 solubility of gypsum to a marked extent, 

 the solubility being greater as the concen- 

 tration of the acid increases. At about 230 

 grams of PgOg per liter there is a maximum 

 solubility of about four times that in pure 

 water. Above this concentration the solu- 

 bility decreases regularly with increase of 

 the acid content. The results of these 

 experiments are in accord with other work 

 on the solubility of gypsum in solutions of 

 electrolytes which contain no ion in com- 

 mon with gypsum. 



The Phosphates of Iron and Aluminum: 

 F. K. Cameron and J. M. Bell. 

 Crystalline phosphates of iron and of 

 aluminum have been found to exist in solu- 

 tions which contain high percentages of 

 phosphoric acid. At lower percentages the 

 precipitates appear to be solid solutions. 



The Soluiility of Nitric Oxide and of Air 

 in Sulphuric Acid: 0. F. Tower. 

 The method of Bunsen was used, which 



consists in shaking the respective gas with 



sulphuric acid in a eudiometer tube, which 

 is standing in a mercury bath. 



The following are the results obtained : 



Concentration of 



Sulphuric Acid. 



98 per cent. 



90 per cent. 

 80 per cent. 

 70 per cent. 

 60 per cent. 

 50 per cent. 



Coefficient of Solubility 



In Nitric Oxide. In Air. 



No constant re- 0.0173 

 suits obtained. 



0.0193 0.0107 



0.0117 0.0069 



0.0113 0.0055 



0.0118 0.0059 



0.0120 0.0076 



These numbers are so small that the solu- 

 bility of these gases in sulphuric acid can 

 cause no appreciable error in the deter- 

 mination of nitrates, nitrites or the oxides 

 of nitrogen by Lunge's method, unless ex- 

 cessive quantities of sulphuric acid are em- 

 ployed. 



The Basic Solutions of Beryllium Sul- 

 phate: Chas. L. Parsons and W. 0. 

 Robinson. 



Solutions of the normal salts of beryl- 

 lium have the property to an unusual de- 

 gree of dissolving large amounts of their 

 own hydroxide or carbonate. The present 

 paper deals with such basic solutions of the 

 sulphate. Freezing-point determinations, 

 on both dilute and concentrated solutions, 

 show that, per mol. of SO3, any increase in 

 basic ratio over the normal raises the freez- 

 ing-point. The osmotic effect of the sul- 

 phate is, therefore, always decreased by 

 dissolving in it its own hydroxide. The 

 electrical conductivity of the basic solutions 

 is less than that of normal solutions con- 

 taining the same amount of SO3. Migra- 

 tion experiments show that beryllium forms 

 no part of the anion. The basic solutions 

 are not precipitated by crystalloids; but 

 on dialysis hydroxide is left on the mem- 

 brane, and the dialyzed solution has a lower 

 basic ratio. 



Further Study of the Sidphates of Beryl- 

 lium: Chas. L. Parsons and Carl T. 

 Fuller. 



