August 24, 1906.] 



SCIENCE. 



253 



that branch of science. He returned to Ger- 

 many in 1884 to study crystallography and 

 related subjects at the University of Heidel- 

 berg. 



Penfield accomplished a vast amount of 

 scientific work. Being a master of both the 

 chemical and physical sides of mineralogy, he 

 was able to make the most thorough researches, 

 and he described many new minerals and re- 

 investigated many old ones. His scientific 

 publications appeared chiefly in the American 

 Journal of Science, and many of them were 

 brought together in book form in the ' Studies 

 from the Mineralogical and Petrographical 

 Laboratories of the Sheffield Scientific School.' 

 One of his important achievements was his 

 prediction of the possible existence of an un- 

 known mineral of the humite series, which 

 was afterwards found and described by a 

 European mineralogist. 



As a teacher, Penfield was eminently suc- 

 cessful. He inspired enthusiasm in his co- 

 workers to a remarkable degree, and a number 

 of his former pupils have become prominent 

 in mineralogy. He devised many means for 

 aiding the student and his laboratory became 

 a model for the best methods of instruction; 

 he revised and enlarged the standard work on 

 Determinative Mineralogy of his teacher, pre- 

 decessor and friend, Professor Brush ; he wrote 

 a number of pamphlets for the use of labora- 

 tory students, and besides mineralogical pub- 

 lications, he published important papers on 

 analytical chemistry, cartography and crystal- 

 drawing. 



Penfield was a member of the National 

 Academy of Sciences, and was foreign mem- 

 ber or correspondent of many European Scien- 

 tific Societies. He received the degree of 

 LL.D. from the University of Wisconsin in 

 1904. 



H. L. W. 



SCIENTIFIC NOTES AND NEWS. 

 The University of Greifswald, on the occa- 

 sion of its celebration of its four hundred and 

 fiftieth anniversary, conferred the degree of 

 doctor of laws on Dr. W. W. Keen, professor 

 of surgery in Jefferson Medical College. 



Dr. John M. Clarke, state geologist of 

 New York, has been elected corresponding 

 member of the Royal Academy of Sciences of 

 Gottingen. 



The French Academy of Moral and Polit- 

 ical Science has elected Lord Reay a foreign 

 associate member in succession to the late M. 

 Olivecrona. Lord Reay has been a corre- 

 sponding member of the moral science section 

 of the academy since 1902. 



Dr. Stanislao Cannizzaro, professor of 

 chemistry at Rome and senator of Italy, has 

 celebrated his eightieth birthday. 



The second annual course of lectures given 

 by the Harvey Society of New York will be 

 opened on October 20, 1906, by Professor A. 

 E. Wright, of London. Nine other lectures 

 are to be given during the year, the lectures 

 and dates being as follows : November 3, C. A. 

 Herter; November 17, W. T. Porter; Decem- 

 ber 1, J. G. Adami; December 15, George 

 Huntington; January 12, F. G. Benedict; 

 January 26, E. B. Wilson; February 9, S. 

 J. Meltzer; February 23, W. T. Councilman; 

 March 9, Friedrich Miiller. The officers of 

 the society for the coming year are Graham 

 Lusk, president; Simon Flexner, vice-presi- 

 dent; F. S. Lee, treasurer; George B. Wal- 

 lace, secretary, and C. A. Herter, S. J. 

 Meltzer and James Ewing, council. 



The prize of the Heidelberg Jubilee Foun- 

 dation for the Encouragement of Scientific 

 Research has been awarded to Dr. Friedrich 

 Pockels, professor of theoretical physics, and 

 to Dr. August Klages, professor of chemistry. 



The University of Strasburg has awarded 

 the income of the Engelmann foundation for 

 history or geography to Dr. Kalkoff, professor 

 in the Gymnasium at Breslau. 



Dr. D. T. MacDougal, of the department 

 of botanical research of the Carnegie Institu- 

 tion of Washington, left New York on August 

 18 to carry on some observations in the deserts 

 about Tehuacan south of the city of Mexico, 

 in which he will be joined by Dr. J. N. Rose, 

 of the U. S. National Museum. Dr. Mac- 

 Dougal expects to arrive at the Desert Labora- 

 tory, Tucson, Arizona, with the experimental 



