176 SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES. 



and fossil vegetables together on this plan. But by following up the comparison, which has 

 been so successfully adopted by Baron Cuvier, in the study of fossil animals,' similar results 

 may be expected, and a knowledge of the extinct plants be at length attained." 



Mr. Artis then gives an abstract of the systems of Baron Schlotheim, Count Sternberg, 

 Professor Martins, and M. Adolphe Brongniart, which I am Induced to subjoin as a useful 

 record of the state of fossil botany twelve years ago: — 



" The Baron Schlotheim, who published in 1804 the first part of a Flora der Vorwelt, 

 followed up his researches of this kind by a catalogue of his cabinet, under the title of ' Die 

 Petrefactenkunde auf ihrem jetzigen Standpunkte erlautert,' published in 1820, to which two 

 Appendices have since been added in 1822 and 1823. 



" The arrangement made by the Baron, so far as regards the vegetable part of his cabinet, 

 is as follows. His specimens are first divided into five Sections, or Oi'ders : — 



1. Dendrolithes, containing the remains of trees, whicli are subdivided into three 

 ^ sub-sections. 



A. Lithoxylites, of which no characters are given, but from the specimens mentioned by 

 him, he evidently arranges in this place the wood-stone and wood-opal of the mineralogists. 



B. Lithanthracites, in which are placed the bituminized stems, and other parts of trees. 



C. BiblioUthes. — Fossil leaves, mostly of the later formations. 



2. BoTANOLiTHES. — Comprising those kinds of fossil plants which cannot be considered 

 either as trees or shrubs, nor as belonging to the plants of the old coal formation. 



All the specimens belonging to the preceding sections are merely enumei'ated, and not distin- 

 guished by generic and trivial names, as is the case with the following. 



Phytotypolithes. — Fossil plants of the stone-coal formation. These are divided sys- 

 tematically into genera and species. The genera are as follow : — 



a. Palmacites, containing fifteen species. 



4. Carpolithes. — Of which he enumerates fifteen species as present in his collection. This 

 division is considered as a genus, as is also the next. 



5. Anthotypolithes. — The cabinet contains only one species, namely the Anthotypolithes 

 ranunculiformis. 



In 1820, Gaspard Count Stei-nberg published in German, the first number of a work which 

 has been translated by the Comte de Bray, under the title of " Essai d'un Expose Geognostico- 

 Botanique de la Flore du Monde Primitif." Of this translation a second and third part 

 appeared in 1823 and 1824. In these successive numbers the Count has communicated the state 

 of his knowledge as it grew up under his hands, in consequence of his own labours and those 

 of his friend, Baron Schlotheim. The genera, as they are successively developed in the work, 

 are the following : — 



' Eecherches sur les Ossemens Fossiles. 



