18G9.1 ^ [Winchcll. 



ton beds were synchronous, and that all should be ranged within the Car- 

 boniferous sj^stem.^s 



In January, 1863,59 I published a series of "descriptions of fossils from 

 the yellow sandstones lying beneath the Burlington limestone, at Burling- 

 ton, Iowa." The number of new species described in this paper was 59, 

 and the number of old species there first identified from the yellow sand- 

 stones was 10 — raising the total number of species thus far known from 

 those strata from 66 to 135. The Carboniferous facies of this assemblage 

 of organic remains was again insisted upon.'?*' 



Sir WiUiam Logan^i in the Geology of Canada, published in 1863 or 1864, 

 refers the Black Shale of Canada West to the Genesee, but states that 

 Professor Hall embraces the Genesee in the Portage. This is what I had 

 done in 1860. 



In November, 1863, a pamphlet appeared from Professor Hall'^^ contain- 

 ing descriptions of 17 species of crinoidea obtained from the Waverly 

 sandstone series at Richfield, Ohio. While admitting that this assem- 

 blage of crinoids presents afiinities with Carboniferous types, he asserts 

 that the afiinities are quite as strong with types from the recognized 

 Chemung and eveii the Hamilton of New York. Forbesiocrinus lohatus 

 is actually identified with a Hamilton species, while F. communis, though 

 intimately related to forms from the Keokuk limestone, has also been 

 found in the Chemung. He regards ScapMocrinus JErjina as closely re- 

 lated also to Poteriocrinus diffusus of the Hamilton group. He concludes: 

 "Left to the evidence afi'orded alone by the collection, and the means of 

 comparison at present possessed, I should infer that the geological posi- 

 tion of these species is between the Plamilton grouj) and the lower Car- 

 boniferous beds ; while the occurrence of a single species identical with 

 a species in the middle of the Chemung group will ally them more nearly 

 with the fauna of the Hamilton group than with that of the Carbonifer- 

 ous period." 



The age of the Ohio sandstones was again touched upon by Professor 

 Hallos in 1864, who thought that the study of the fossil plants of the 

 Chemung tended to confirm opinions previously entertained as to the 

 Carboniferous" afiinities of these rocks and those in Ohio, which he had 



lis The identifications with. Chemung fossils had been reported by others; as at that time I had 

 not personally examined Chemung specimens- I had identified one Avicula from Professor Hall's 

 figure and description. 



«» Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Jan., 186.3. p. 2. 



''" The genus Si/riny/ot/iyris established in this paper, though not accepted by Professor Hall, (Proc. 

 Amer. Phil- Soc. May, 1866, p. 250) has been shown to be valid by the examinations of some of the 



highest authority in America and England. (See Meek ; Proc- Acad- oSTat. Sci., Dec, 1S65, and : 



Carpenter: Annals and Mag- Nat- Hist., July, 1867, p. R8, where the genus is partially illustratetl- 

 Davidson; Geolog. Mag., July, 1867, who gives a fully illustrated description of the genus— partly 

 from drawings furnished by myself.) Dr. Carpenter now refers to this genus a part of Spin/er cus- 

 pidatus from Millicent Ireland (as first suggested by Mr. Meek;) S. Bannibalm.fis Swallow, S. Capax, 

 Hall, Sijnlrielasma hemiplicatus. Meek and Worthen — also probably a portion of Spirifer distans of 

 Belgium- 



ii Geology of Canada, 1863, p. .387 



" Pamphlet ; reprinted in xvii. Kep. N. Y. Beg., 1865, p. 50. 



" xvi. Rep. N. York Kegents, pp. 92 and 107. Note. ^ 



