I'.riiUon.] '^^"^ [February 4, 



13. AKBANGEMENT OK WOKDS IN A SENTENCE. 



1. The connective. 



2. The subject and its modifications. 



3. Tlie object and its modifications. 



4. Tlie verb or predicate, vrith its modifications. 



5. Time when comes both before and after the subject. 



Time how long is similarly placed, and also at the close of the sen- 

 tence ; Luke I. 24 ; IV. 25. 



6. Instrument and means, with modifications, precede the verb. 



7. Adjectives follow nouns. 



8. Adverbs follow verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. 



9. Infinitives precede the word on which they depend. 



10. The place where, comes next after the time when. 



11. The imperative follows the noun which is its object ; Luke I. 3, 9. 



12. The predicate is often at or near the close of the sentence. See 

 Mat. V. 1 — 12 verses. 



PART SECOND. 



GRAMMATICAL FORMS AND INFLECTIONS. 



PARTS OF SPEECH. 



There are in Choctaw nine soi-ts of words, or parts of speech, namely : 



1. Article-pronouns, or post-positive particles. 



2. Pronouns, or substitutes. 



3. Verbs. 



4. Prepositions, or pre-positive particles. 



5. Nouns, or names. 



6. Adjectives, or attributes. 



7. Adverbs, or modifiers. 



8. Conjunctions, or connectives. 



9. Interjections, or exclamations. 



CHAPTER L 



THE AinaCLE-PEONOUNS. 



§ 1. This is the most difficult part of Choctaw Grammar. The want of 

 separate words corresponding to the English articles, of the personal pro- 

 nouns in the third persons singular and plural, the relative pronouns 

 single and double, and the copulas, is much felt by Americans in studying 

 this language. The article^pronouns are used to svipply these' wants in a 

 great variety of ways. They do not always admit of a translation. They 

 often merely indicate the case of a word or clause. An accurate and full 

 explanation of them is not attempted. Only a few leading remarks and 

 rules are ]3resented. 



§ 2. The use of the article-pronouns is for definite and distinctive speci- 

 fication, limitation, emphasis, and prominence, and to show the connection 

 and relation which one word, paragraidi, or clause bears to another. 



