JS70.J 6aJ [Winclu'll. 



New York, which are newer than the characteristic Chemung. I have 

 aheady stated that Professor Hall indicates the existence in Western New 

 York, of three conglomerates which he regards as coming in consecutively 

 above the typical Chemung. I have also stated that, the consecutive ar- 

 rangement is not established by any observed superposition. On an exami- 

 nation of the fossils of the so-called carboniferous conglomerate preserved 

 in Professor Hall's magnificent cabinet, I at once identified the following 

 Marshall species : 



Straparollus Ammon, White. '^o 



Cypricardia contracta, Hall = (Edmondia bicarinata Win.) 



Edmondia Eequimarginalis, Win. 



Allorisma Hannibalensis, Shum. 



SfrajyaroUns Ammon is from Iowa, though an undistinguishable form 

 occurs in the coal measures of Lasalle, Illinois. Cypricardia contracta is 

 also from Burlington, while Edmondia wqurmarginalis is known in Michi- 

 gan, Ohio and Iowa, and has a European analogue in Oardina rohusta of J. 

 de C. Sowerby ; and Allorisma Hannibalensis is known in Michigan, 

 Ohio, '2* Iowa and Miss )uri. The whole number of species in the cabinet 

 from this conglomerate did not amount, if I remember rightly, to more 

 than eight, and here were four of them immediately and conclusively iden- 

 tifiable. Here is a percentage of identifications forty or fifty times as great 

 as we have been able to make with fossils of Chemung age. It seems to 

 me that we are within the limits of truth when we assert that the paleon- 

 tological evidence points much more strongly to a synchronism between the 

 Marshall group and this conglomerate, than between the Marshall and the 

 Chemung. 



When next I turned my attention to an examination of specimens from 

 the reputed Chemung conglomerate, I remarked its lithological similarity 

 to the former, and was able also to recognize among the fossils the fol- 

 lowing species identified in the other conglomerate : 

 Edmondia eequimarginalis* 

 Allorisma Hannibalensis. 



Out of a very limited number of fossils in these two conglomerates, here 

 Avere two completely identical. But for their reputed dissimilarity in age, 

 any paleontologist would feel inclined to pronovince them synchronous. 

 Biding the opportunity to make a re-examination of the grounds upon 

 which Professor Hall has separated these two conglomerates ; and holding 

 paleontological induction as always subordinate to stratigraphical demon- 

 stration, I shall provisionally regard as one the two conglomerates under 

 consideration. 



The so-called Chemung conglomerate rests upon typical Chemung strata. 

 The outliers of the Catskill group in Western New York also rest, when- 



120 Xhis was described by Hall as £tionip7mZMs rfepreosus, but as this name had been preoccupied 

 by Sowerby, tlie name of White will take precedence. 



121 This and some others of the species identified in this paper from Ohio have very recently been 

 sent rom Licking County by Rev. H. Herzer. P. S.— Others have been sent by Prof. E. Andrews, 

 See. Proc- A. P. See. xii, 245. 



