Wiuchell ] "^^^ [May 6, 



ever seen, upon Chemung strata, and so do the outliers of the so-called 

 Carboniferotis conglomerate. Not only are the three similarly superposed, 

 but they agree in presenting sometimes a conglomeritic character, and 

 sometimes the character of a sandstone witli oblique lamination. The 

 carboniferous conglomerate near Panama, in Chatauque County, affords 

 a fine building stone, and is quarried there for that purpose. Finally, I 

 desire to recall the fact that the Marshall sandstone in the vicinity of Pfc. aux 

 Barques assumes a decidedly conglomeritic character, and presents the 

 appearance of the conglomerate at Cuyahoga Falls in Ohio, with which the 

 earlier Michigan geologists were inclined to identify it. I ought also to 

 mention the fact that Gypricardia Catskillensis, figured and described by 

 Yanuxem, '2^ presents close analogies with two species from the Marshall 

 group, Sanguinolites unioniformis and 8. naiadiformis. 



For these reasons, I shall, for the present, regard the three conglomer- 

 ates in Western New York, with the associated strata, as belonging to- 

 gether in the hoi-izon of the Catskill group. 



I ought to cite here the results of some investigations which I have more 

 recently made upon a collection of fossils from the sandstones of Yenango 

 County, Pennsylvania. "'^ At a point near Shafer's, on Oil Creek, the 

 following characteristic fossils of the Marshall group were recognized in 

 April, 1869, and the results communicated to Professor E. Andrews, to 

 whom I was indebted for the specimens. 



Lingula membranacea. Hemipronites umbraculum. 



Discina Gallaheri. Orthis Michelini. 



Producta semireticulata. Spirifera Carteri. 



Chonetes pulcheUa. Syringothyris typa. 



Hemipronites insequalis. 

 This locality was reported by Prof, Andrews to be "200 to 800 feet 

 below the coal." Every identifiable specimen belonged to the Marshall 

 group. Judging from these data, there can be no doubt that this group 

 extends into western Pennsylvania . 



At Kinzua, however, not far from Shafer's, at a point thought by Prof. 

 Andrews to be a hundred feet lower, geologically, quite a different fauna 

 presented itself. Not a single Marshall species could he identified; while 

 Spirifera diytincta (Phillips) Hall, anel fragments of lamelli branches which 

 seemed to belong to Avicula longispina and acanthoptera Hall, proclaimed 

 the horizon of the Chemung. 



Since the recognition of the Marshall sandstones in northwestern Penn- 

 sylvania, '^4 it becomes much easier to admit the evidence which I have 

 already adduced in proof of their existence in southwestern New York. 

 The i^hysical character of these sandstones so closely resembles that of 

 the Chemung rocks that the line of demarkation between them had not 



i22Geol. Rep. Dish. N. Y., p. 186. 



12.1 Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, Jan. 4th, 1870. 



i^iprofessor Hall, in xx Hep. N. Y, Reg. p. 295, reports also Lepidechinus rarispinvs from Mead- 

 ville, Pa., and Licking Coimty, Ohio. He argues from this a parallelism ■which I will not contest, 

 tut the fact establishes no affinity with the Chemung. 



