Cope] 4b J [-j^^jjg -r^ 



lower limbs of the orbit. The premaxillary border is far in advance of the 

 orbit, and the extremity of the maxillary attains the anterior rim of the 

 orbit. Dorsal and caudal radii extended, reach the basis of the caudal ; 

 the origin of the first is equidistant between the latter point and the end 

 of the muzzle. Kays ; D. XXVI ; V. 10. A. VIII. Scales 7—37—5. 

 Color silvery white. Length, a foot. Three specimens of this were taken 

 in the Root River, Michigan, in all i^robability, though the label which 

 accompanied them has disappeared. 



Carpiodes veMfer, Ralinesque. 



CcUostomus, Sp. '? Lesueur Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. I 110. C. 

 Tclifer Jlaf. Ichth. Chiensis 56 Sderognathus cyprimus "Val." Kirtland 

 Fishes of the Ohio. Proc. Bos. K H. B o c. V. 275 Tab. XXII fig. 2 not 

 of Valenciennes. 



I have i-eferred my specimens to this species chiefly on the strength of 

 the figure and description of Prof. Kirtland, and from the fact that Lesueur 

 regarded it as so near the C. cyprinus, which he would not have done with 

 the G. cutisanserinus of the Ohio before him. I had two specimens of 

 the present. fish, one of them from the Wabash. 



It has a shorter dorsal fin than the preceding, having but XXII rays, 

 of which the anterior two are exceedingly elongate. The prominence of 

 the muzzle is the most distinctive feature ; it is conic, the spines of the 

 premaxillaries projecting at an angel of 45° to beyond the nasal crests, 

 atid the extremity not reaching the line of the lower rim of the orbit. 

 The extremity of the mandible extends to the nares. Eye 4.35 in length 

 of head. Head 3.75 in length ; depth 2.4 in the same. Scales as in the 

 last species. Second suborbital long as deep, trapezoidal. Origin of dor- 

 sal .2 nearer end of muzzle than basis of caudal. Length of type speci- 

 men ten inches. 



Bafinesque says that this species is called skip-jack, from its habit 

 of throwing itself from the water, and sailor, from its elevated dorsal fin 

 which appears above the surface of the water. The first mentioned name 

 is also applied to a clupeoid of the same streams, the Pomolohus chrysoeh- 

 loris. Raf. Kirtland says the present species is not much valued as food. 



Carpiodes grayi, Cope. 



Spec. nov. 



In this fish we have the form and proportions of the last group, with 

 the shortened dorsal radii of the succeeding forms. 



The origin of the first dorsal radii is ne.irer the end of the muzzle than 

 the origin of the caudal by one-fourth of its basis. This embraces XXIV 

 radii. Anal radii just to base of caudal. Orbit .25 the length of the head ; 

 interorbital width 1 3-5 the former. Occipital region elevated ; muzzle 

 much prolonged conic, mouth posterior, as in G. velifer. In general this 

 species is quite near the latter ; the number of scales is the same, and the 

 jjroportions quite similar. The orbit is not so elevated, and the long dorsal 

 radii about half as long as those of that species. Length of type eight 



