1S70.] 4yd [Cope. 



the occurrence of the Pliotogenis leucops, confined in Pennsylvania to the 

 lieads of tlie Oliio, and in Virginia to the Kanawlia, not only in the Ca- 

 tawba, but in the Neuse. In further illustration, I append a list of spe- 

 cies from the South Fork of the Cumberland, in the Cumberland Moun- 

 tain region, near Kentucky. 



Micropterus fasciatus. Semotilus corporalis. v 



Ambloplites rupestris. Ceratichthys biguttatus. 



Lepomis nitidus. Hypsilepis cocogenis. 

 Percina caprodes. " galacturus. 



Etheostoma blennioides. " ardens. 



Poecilichthys coeruleus. Alburnellus micropteryx. 



" caniurus. Hybopsis longiceps. 



" sanguifluus. Photogenis telescopus 



Ilyostoma cymatogrannnum. Campostoma anomalum. 



" simoterum, 



Ptychostomus erythrurus. 

 Catostomus nigricans. Twenty-one species. 



Although separated from the waters of the French Broad by the high- 

 est ranges of the Cumberland Mountains, and flowing to the North, while 

 the former flow to the South, there is no important difference between 

 their fish inhabitants observable. The difference as compared with the 

 case of the Catawba River, has reference in jiart to the difference in ele- 

 vation of the mountain ranges separating them. Those of North Carolina 

 rise to 6740 ft., while according to Prof. Safford, the highest point of the 

 Cumberland is only 3000 feet. 



Two curious points in the above list maybe observed, viz: the occur- 

 rence of Hypsilepis ardens, and Hybopsis longiceps; species which I only 

 found in the James and Roanoke in Virginia, and not in the Western 

 waters, and which, while tliey occur in the Cumberland (the H. longiceps 

 in the Clinch also) I did not find in the State of North Carolina! 



Mimetic Analogy. A curious case of this occurred to me in three 

 species of fishes which I took in a small tributary of the Yadkin River, in 

 Roane Co., N. Ca. Among several others there were varieties of the 

 widely distributed species, Cheenobryttus gillii, Hypsilepis analostanus, 

 and Ptychostomus pidiensis, (each representing a difterent family) which 

 difter from the typical form of each in the same manner, viz: in having 

 the back and upper part of the sides with longitudinal black lines, pro- 

 duced by a line along the middle of each scale. This peculiarity I have 

 not observed in these species from any other locality. Until I had exam- 

 ined them I thought them new species. 



The only other species presenting such marking in the Yadkin River, 

 is the large perch, the Roccus lineatus. According to the theory of Na- 

 tural Selection, a resemblance to this well-armed species might be of ad- 

 vantage to the much weaker species in question, yet the same species co- 

 exist in other rivers without presenting the same mimicry. 



A. p. s. — VOL. XI. — 34e 



