1874.] ^ [Lesley. 



or glacial age, may very well explain that outspread of surface wash-ore 

 which makes so large a feature of the case. It may also exjjlain the 

 corrugations of the clay and ore strata in these sui^erflcial wash-ore de- 

 posits as repi-esented in Figures 5, 6, 7 ; the localities pictured being on 

 the line of the railroad near the East Pennington Ore Banks. 



Thus the different theories in vogue among our iron men are harmo- 

 nised. Each theory has its own basis of truth, its own set of facts, but 

 does not embrace all the phenomena. 



Those who contend that the brown hematites lie in pockets are cor- 

 rect ; but they must confine the assertion to that part of the ore which 

 now occupies former caverns and fissures and sink-holes. 



Those who contend that the brown hematites are surface washes caught 

 by the accidental variations of the earth's surface, are correct ; but they 



Fig. 6. 



SwmnuJb (Jitt, in, sietvoLColervd yViish-Ore ^ cxhihitin^ 

 etc:Si4)7v(.yi^ dc6rtd ofpulveri'^ed Calccf; S.S. 



must limit the application of their theory to banks which show rolled 

 gravel and rolled ore, and a confused and mingled mass of ore and 

 sand and clay. 



A third view is equally correct and much more important. It must be 

 accepted as probable, that in spite of later movements, and in addition 

 to cavern-deposit ores, and surface-wash ores, there are interstratified 

 beds of brown hematite, still in their original places, although not in 

 their original condition, descending with the general slope of the forma- 

 tions between undissolved limestone, dolomite and sandstone rocks to 

 undetermined depths, and ranging lengthwise of the district, so that 

 rows of ore-banks can be and have been opened in continuous belts of 



