Lesley.] 70 [Jan 2 and Feb. 6. 



ther, sandy limestones, S. 30° E. > 10°. 500 yards further up the run, 

 pipe-ore is reported, ploughed up in the fields. This belongs to an ore- 

 bearing strata about 700 feet lower in the formation than the ore horison 

 at the Old Seat Bank. The dip is continuous and equable ; there can be 

 no mistake. 500 hundred yards still further up the run, at the forks of 

 the road, still lower sandy limerocks are seen dipping the same way, S. 

 30^ E. > 13°. Other exposures occur in this interval dipping also S. 30° 

 E. > 13°. No dips are noticed in the next 1000 yards, to the toll-gate 

 and cross-roads and forks of the Creek ; but there is no reason no doubt 

 that a southeast dip fills the interval, becoming ever more gentle. 



Five hundred yards southwest from the toll-gate, and 50 yards off the 

 road (tawards the northwest) on land 70 feet above the water, is an old 

 deserted pipe ore bank 50 >< 10 yards. This lies just 1000 yards due 

 northwest of t^e pipe ore last mentioned as ploughed up iu the fields ; 

 and if a continuous southeast dip of 10° be supposed, we should find in 

 it an evidence of a third and still lower pipe ore horison, 550 feet below 

 the second and 1250 feet below the first, or Old Seat ore horison. But it 

 would be very unsafe to consider this the simple state of the case. The 

 place where ore was "ploughed up over a space of 600 yards " is worthy 

 of a thorough investigation, but the surface show is slight. The other 

 locality where lumps and pipes of solid ore were got 25 years ago from the 

 open cut and undergi-ound works, is reported to be rich still. None of 

 its wash ore was taken away. 



This place is very important. It proves conclusively that pipe ores 

 occupy a geological range of at least 1250 feet of the Lower Silurian 

 Formation. And these exhibitions on Warrior's Run connect the rich 

 Dry Hollow Group of Banks already described, with the Huntingdon 

 Furnace and Dorsey Group next to be described. 



The toll-gate is only 800 yards down the run from where the railway 

 crosses it. And the southeast dipping Beck and Town Bank ores (Nos. 

 4 and 5) are only 400 yards further up. The Beck and Town ore horison 

 therefore underlies the toll-gate ore rocks (unless there be some concealed 

 disturbance in the interval), at a geological depth of at least 1200 feet, and 

 probably 1500 feet. For there are 20° dips (to the southeast) in the rail- 

 way cut, and 35° dips in Warrior's Mark Village. If I am anywhere 

 near the truth, the Pennington Range ore horison (Becks, Town, &c.) 

 underlies the Gale Hollow Pipe Ore horison at a geological depth of 2500 

 to 3000 feet ; which may well explain their different qualities. And this 

 result is in harmony with features of my cross-sections AB and CD.* 



* The Pennington and Lovetown ores being on the same geological horison, and there 

 being a breadth of limestone outcrop (dipping S. 30° E. ^ 50°), between Lovetown and 

 the Bellefonte fault at the foot of Bald Eagle Mountain, at least 700 yards broad, we 

 have about 5000 feet of Lower Silurian measures visibly exposed underneath the Oale 

 Hollow ( = Pennsylvania Furnace Bank) ore horison. Adding to this the 2500 feet of 

 limestones between Pennsylvania Furnace bank and the foot of Tussey, and we have a 

 total thickness of Lower Silurian Limestones from the bottom of No. Ill (the Hudson 

 River Slate) down to the jaw of the Bellefonte Fault, of 7750 feet ; a very great thick- 

 ness ; but quite in harmony with all that we know of the Trenton, Black River, Bird's 

 Eye, Ohazy and Calciferous in the Great Valley of Reading, Harrisburg, Chambers- 

 burg, Winchester and Knoxville. This, so far as I know, is the first approximately ac- 

 curate measurement of these formations in mass south of their New York outcrops, 

 which are very thin in comparison with these. 



