1875.] ^75 [Stevenson. 



seen one hundred and fifteen feet above the Waynesburg, and near West 

 Union it was observed in a railroad cutting, where it appears to be about 

 one foot thick and single. 



Near Pennsboro' an old opening is seen twenty feet below the level of 

 the railroad. We there find the following section: 



Sandstone, — ; Shale, 10 ft.; Goal, 1 ft. 10 in.; Compact clay, 3-6 in. ; 



Coal, 8 in. 



The overlying shale is argillaceous below, but becomes arenaceous 

 above and passes gradually into sandstone. The rocks are well exposed 

 in the vicinity for nearly tt70 hundred and fifty feet above the bed and 

 are wholly sandstone and arenaceous shale. The coal seems to be quite 

 good and must contain very little pyrites. The bank has been deserted 

 for nearly twenty years, yet fragments lying on the dump are as sound 

 and fresh-looking as though they had been thrown out within two or 

 three days. The same bed is mined somewhat on the other side of the 

 railroad. The coal is compact, open-burning, and leaves a pulverulent 

 ash, quite bulky but not heavy. The bed can be traced in the vicinity 

 of the railroad almost to EUenboro'. The blossom is seen near the junc- 

 tion of the Northwestern pike and the Harrisville road. Near Harrisville 

 its place is shown by a line of springs. On the Staunton pike it was seen 

 only near Smithville, in Kitchie county, where it is one foot thick. 



The small coal. No. 7, was observed only in the deep cut at the east end 

 of Brandy Grap tunnel. 



The shale underlying the Brownsville coal is variable in character and 

 thickness. Occasionally the whole mass for thirty-five feet is argillaceous, 

 blue to gray or drab, and quite thinly laminated. At other times, the 

 whole interval between the Brownsville and the Waynesburg is occupied 

 by a coarse sindstone. 



The Waynesburg sandstone. No. 9, is a well marked and very persist- 

 ent member of the series. It is ordinarily a compact and fine-grained 

 sandstone, and at no place along the railroad is it at all conglomerate. 

 Near Brandy Gap tunnel, where it has been largely quarried by the rail- 

 road company, its lower portion is somewhat flaggy. At Long Run, 

 Smithton and West Union, it stands out in cliffs upon the hill sides, and 

 is compact throughout. On the Scaunton pike, it may be seen just west 

 from Troy, where it is somewhat coarser than at the localities just 

 mentioned. 



Upper Coal Group. Under this name are included all that series of 

 rocks beginning with the Pittsburg and ending with the Waynesburg coal. 

 Along the Northwestern Railroad the group is well exposed from Clarks- 

 burg west. The general section is approximately as follows : 



