THE CAMBRIAN MANGANESE DEPOSITS OF CONCEP- 

 TION AND TRINITY BAYS, NEWFOUNDLAND. 



By nelson C. DALE. 



{Read April 25, 1914) 



CONTENTS. 



Page. 



L Introduction 371 



IL General Geographic and Geologic Relations of the Manganese 



Deposits of Southeastern Newfoundland 373 



in. General Stratigraphy of Deposits 375 



IV. Detailed Descriptions of Localities 377 



ManuelSj Conception Bay 377 



Topsail, Conception Bay 409 



Long Pond, Conception Bay 418 



Chapel Cove, Conception Bay 419 



Brigus, Conception Bay 4^4 



Smith Point, Trinity Bay 426 



V. Other Manganese Deposits of Somewhat Similar Character.. 432 



Placentia Bay, Newfoundland 432 



Merionethshire, Wales 433 



Batesville, Arkansas 434 



Elbingerode, Saxony 435 



VI. Chemistry of the Manganese Deposits 437 



VII. Genesis of the Manganese Deposits and Associated Minerals.. 44" 



VIII. Bibliography 454 



I. INTRODUCTION. 

 This paper is based upon data collected during the summers of 

 1912 and 1913. The former season, Mr. A. O. Hayes and Prof, van 

 Ingen of Princeton University, while making a study of the general 

 geology, stratigraphy, and palaeontology of the shores of Conception 

 Bay, Newfoundland, in connection with the investigation of the iron 

 ores of Great Bell Island, came upon the manganiferous rocks of 

 the Lower Cambrian exposed at Manuels, Topsail, Brigus, and other 

 places. They were immediately struck by the unusual lithological 

 and mineralogical characteristics and by the excellent state of preser- 

 vation, particularly at Manuels, of what are undoubtedly primary 



371 



