I9I4.] CONCEPTION AND TRINITY BAYS, NEWFOUNDLAND. 377 



IV. DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS OF LOCALITIES 



Manuels. — Manganese is found as thin jasper-like bands of 

 green and brown color, as nodular beds, and as argillaceous and cal- 

 careous beds interbedded with green and red shales of late lower 

 Cambrian age. This mode of occurrence is very well shown in 

 Manuels brook close by the village of Manuels. The geographic, 

 geologic, and stratigraphic relations are shown in Figs. 1-3. The 

 Cambrian at Manuels consists in the main of shales with thin bedded 

 sandstones with conglomerate and thin limestones at its base and the 

 sediments show practically no metamorphism throughout the series. 

 The strike of the beds is N 82 E (true meridian) and the dip is 10 

 N. One of the best unconformable contacts in the manganese area 

 is that in Manuels brook at Manuels where the basal Cambrian con- 

 glomerate lies upon the Huronian. For a more intimate acquaint- 

 ance with the manganese occurrence a somewhat detailed description 

 of the stratigraphy, lithology, mineralogy and petrography of the 

 manganese beds and their associated strata will be necessary and 

 therefore the individual beds of the section (Fig. 2) will be de- 

 scribed in stratigraphical order. 



210 A I, Basal Conglomerate. The base of the Cambrian at 

 Manuels is made up of coarse conglomerate, eighteen feet in thick- 

 ness, consisting in the main of boulders and pebbles of igneous char- 

 acter. These boulders at the bottom of the bed, where the base of 

 the Cambrian lies unconformably upon the Huronian, measure in 

 some instances twelve feet in diameter, but they diminish in size 

 toward the top to an inch or less. The matrix, of an arenaceous 

 nature toward the bottom, grades into a more calcareous one at the 

 top where the overlying stratum is a limestone. 



219 D I, limestone. This bed is a bluish fine-grained to pebbly 

 argillaceous limestone of about 3 feet in thickness. The pebbles 

 averaging a fraction of an inch in diameter are angular to subangular 

 in shape and appear to be of igneous rocks. Pteropod shells chiefly 

 of the genus Coleoloides abound. Microscopic examination proves 

 this rock to be a semi-crystalline, fine to locally coarse grained lime- 

 stone. The texture is very suggestive of organic forms, being an 

 aggregate of elliptical bodies, possibly algal concretions [or " copro- 



