422 THE HON. WALTER ROTHSCHILD ON [Dec. 1 3, 



naturf. Fr. 1904, jj]?- 55-69, acknowledges seven species of the 

 genus Simia. According to the view of the value of various 

 animal forms which I take up, as a large proportion of these 

 represent one another geographically, they ought to be treated 

 only as subspecies. This diversity of opinion between Professor 

 Matschie and myself is more apparent than real, for in many 

 cases Professor Matschie regards what I call " species " as genera 

 or subgenera, while he considers what I call " subspecies " to be 

 species, thus only differing in the terms to apply to certain 

 categories of individuals. According to our present state of 

 knowledge of the Chimpanzees, there ai^e two very well-defined 

 groups, namely, the Simia satyribs group, with black or blackish- 

 bi'own faces when adult, and the Simia pygmceus group, with pale 

 faces both in the adult and young stages. From this it will 

 be seen that I differ entirely in one point of nomenclature from 

 Professor Matschie — namely, I hold that a specific name can be 

 used for a species, even if previously used in a different sense, 

 so long as the species first denoted by the name has since been 

 placed in another genus. I therefoi'e consider Simia j)ygm(B%is 

 applicable to one of the races of Chimpanzee, because Linnfeus's 

 Simia pygiiiiams must now stand as Pongo pygmiceus. In addition 

 to the seven forms of Simia recognised by Matschie in his paper 

 (Sitzungsber. Ges. nat. Fr. Berl. 1904, pp. 54-69), there are several 

 more, among which is a pale-faced Chimpanzee which comes from 

 some part of the French Congo, which I propose to name Simia 

 2}ygmaius raripilosus, subsp. nov., distinguished from other forms 

 of Simia pygmmiis by the sparse, almost absent, beard, narrow 

 protrviding face, and very long limbs, largish ears, rounded fore- 

 head, and only partially divided hair on the head. 



Professor Matschie's paper gives the forms as follows : — 



1. Simia satyrus L. Syst. Nat. i. p. 25 (1758). (Text-figs. 105, 

 106, 107, & 109, fig. 1, pp. 423, 424, 426.) 



Synonyms: Simia troglodytes Gm., 1788; Troglodytes niger 

 Geoffr., 1812 ; Troglodytes koolo-kamha Du Chaillu, 1861 ; ^ro- 

 glodytes auhryiGiVaXjioXet k, Alix, 1866; Fseudanthro2nos fuliginosus 

 Schaufuss, 1875. 



Distribution. Lower Guinea from Sanaga in the Camaroons to 

 the Ogowe. 



Distinctive characters. External : hair of head not parted in 

 centi-e ; hair on forehead falls out in adults, bvit not so far as level 

 of ears. Ears medium size, 65 x 50 millimetres. A narrow heard 

 of thick short hairs pointed downwards surrounds the face except 

 chin^ which is sparsely covered with dark grey hairs. Arms very 

 long, exceeding 700 mm. Colour of face in the young leather- 

 yellow, in adult animals blackish brown. 



Cranial characters : facial portion of sktdl very narrow, much 

 constricted behind the cariine teeth ; the greatest breadth of the 

 skull is never more than 1 mm. greater at the canines than at 

 the molars. The brain-case is an elongate egg-shape, measuring 

 from the glabella to the proticberantia occipitalis in the c? c? 



