ANTHROPOID APES. 



435 



1904.] 



2. Pithecus satyrn.s bata7i gMensis. —Hdir deep brown. Skull 



mikrencephalic and micrognathous ; cubic capacity 400-437 

 cb. cm. in 6 6, 350-420 cb. cm. in $ § . 



3. P. saiyrus dadapjjensis. — Hair dai-k reddish bro\yn. _ Skull 



megalencephalic and macrognathous ; cubic capacity in S ci 

 470-534 cb. cm., in $ $ 360-490 cb. cm. 



B. d' J without Cheek-callosities. 



4. P. satyrits ge7iepaiensis. — Hair deep reddish brown. ^ Skull 



megalencephalic and macrognathous ; cubic capacity in d 6 

 390-435 cb.cm., in $ $ 360-410 cb. cm. 



5. P. satyrus shalauensis. — 'Ridv dark brownish red. Skull 



megalencephalic and brachygnathous ; cubic capacity in 

 S ^ 440-500 cb. cm., in $ ? 330-440 cb. cm. 



6. P. satyrus tuakensis.—'iisiXY stiff and coarse, rusty yellow to 



rust-red ; skin reddish ; shape clumsy and expression coarse. 

 Skull mikrencephalic and macrognathous. Malays call this 

 form "Maias kesar," the "Coarse Orang," and this is the 

 form almost always seen alive in Europe as it is hardier and 

 travels better. 



Sumatra. 



7. Pithecus sumatrcmus deliensis. — Hair brownish to foxy red. 



Face black. Old males with large cheek-callosities, mesen- 

 cephalic ; cubic capacity in 6 6 445-485 cb. cm., in $ 

 340 cb. cm. 



8. P. sicmcctranus abongensis. — Hair deep brown. Old males 



without cheek-callosities. 

 \ 



Except that Dr. Selenka entirely overlooked the fact that of the 

 8 forms recognised by him 5 had already been named and de- 

 scribed, and that therefore only 3 of his names can stand, he was 

 most accurate in his distinctions, which is not to be wondered at 

 as he has over 300 skulls, about 100 complete skeletons, about 100 

 skins, and many embryos and young for comparison, an amount 

 of material obtainable nowhere else in the world. In addition to 

 these 8 forms Dr. Selenka described, tentatively, a ninth form 

 without cheek-callosities as P. satyrus rantaiensis, which will 

 probably prove to be one of Prof. Matschie's 3 additional species. 

 The following table will explain the relationship of the various 

 subspecies of Orang-Outan, so far as the present state of our 

 knowledge enables me to judge. 



The table, however, requires considerable explanation, for 

 although I have employed similar nomenclature in my entomo- 

 logicaf articles, it is something quite new when employed in 

 connection with Vertebrata. As I have shown previously in this 

 paper, the first name applied to the Orang-Outan after 1758, our 

 nomenclatorial starting-point, was Simia pygmceus of Linnajus, 



