44 MR. W. P. PYCRAFT ON THE [May 2, 
physes again succeed from the 11th vertebra and are continued 
backwards to the thoracic. 
The cervical vertebrae are 12 in number. There are three 
cervico-thoracic; that is to say, there are three vertebre bearing 
free cervical ribs. The Ist pair are reduced to the merest vestiges ; 
the 2nd pair are long, bear vestigial uncinates, but no sternal 
segment; the 3rd pair bear large uncinates and a long styliform 
sternal segment, which does not, however, reach the sternum. 
Thus, it is obvious that, at no distant date, these three vertebre 
formed part of the thoracic series and articulated with the 
sternum. ‘They differ, moreover, in form from the true cervicals, 
and resemble the thoracic series in having broad outstanding 
diapophyses. 
The cervical and cervico-thoracics of the Eurylemide differ 
conspicuously from those of the Menuride and of the Coracii- 
formes, and resemble rather those of the higher Passeres. 
The thoracic vertebree, six in number, have moderately developed, 
quadrangular, neural spines. Only the Ist thoracic bears a small 
hypapophysis. The centra are pierced by pneumatic foramina. 
The last thoracic has been incorporated with the synsacrum. 
Twelve vertebrz enter into the composition of the synsacrum in 
Calyptomenaand Cymbirhynchus; 13in Corydon. The numerical 
differences are as follows :-— 
Calyptomena. Cymbirhynchus. Corydon. 
Mnoraciel.....: 1 1 1 
umbar ...... 2 2 3 
Lumbo-sacral 3 2 2 
acral ease ee 2 2 2 
Caudaleeeneess. 4+ 8freecaudal 5+8free caud. 5+ 8free caud. 
Total ae: 12+8 uF 1248 = 13+8 on 
Thus Calyptomena appears to have lost 1 post-sacral and 
Cymbirhynchus 1 pre-sacral. Corydon would appear to express the 
primitive number of these segments. 
The 2nd lumbar in Calyptomena bears a large pair of ventri- 
lateral processes abutting against the pre-ilia. The Ist sacral 
vertebra lies immediately caudad of the hinder margin of the 
acetabulum. The dorsi-lateral processes of the sacral and caudal 
vertebre are long, and, by the ossification of the tendinous tissue 
overlying them, form a broad bony plate dividing the innominates. 
There are 8 free caudals, including the pygostyle. The diapophyses 
of those immediately following the synsacral series are not 
embraced by the innominate, owing to the fact that these are kept 
apart by the outstanding dorsi-lateral processes of the synsacral 
series. 
Corydon and Cymbirhynchus differ from Calyptomena chiefly 
in that the dorsi-lateral processes of the sacral and post-sacral 
