1905. ] ON BATS OF THE GENUS RHINOLOPHUS. (i) 
3. On some Bats of the Genus Rhinolophus, with Remarks 
on their Mutual Affinities, and Descriptions of Twenty- 
six new Forms. By Knup ANDERSEN *. 
[Received May 12, 1905. ] 
(Plates ITI. & IV.+ and Text-figure 22.) 
The present paper is, chiefly, an attempt to disentangle some of 
the more complicated groups of Eastern Rhinolophi, to make out 
the probable interrelations of the species, and to describe the 
many new, imperfectly known, or hitherto confused forms. I 
have appended some general remarks on the affinities of the 
Ethiopian and Western Palearctic species. 
The material placed at my disposal has been more extensive than 
that of previous writers on these Bats, namely, Prof. Peters (1871) 
and Dr. Dobson (1878); and I have approached the subject from a 
different point of view, basing the diagnoses of the primary groups, 
and, where possible, of the species and subspecies too, not on 
external and dental characters alone, but also on important 
differences in the skulls. This may account, partly at least, for 
the essentially different conclusions on many points at which I 
have arrived. On the other hand, the following pages afford 
ample proof that my material has not been complete enough to 
enable ine to venture an answer on all the difticult questions, 
taxonomic or phylogenetic, that occurred to me during my work. 
I shall feel satisfied if my paper is considered of some use as a 
basis for further investigations. 
T owe my sincere thanks to Mr. Oldfield Thomas for entrusting 
me with a revision of these Bats, for giving me unlimited access 
to the recently acquired, still unregistered specimens in the British 
Museum, especially those of the large and important ‘Tomes 
Collection,” and also for having favoured me with much valuable 
information during the progress of my work. 
T also have to acknowledge the kind assistance of Mr. Gerrit 
S. Miller, Jv., who sent me for inspection almost all the Indo- 
Malayan Lhinolophi preserved in the United States National 
Museum, including many new and interesting forms, part of which 
will be dealt with below. 
For the loan of specimens for comparison, or for information on 
examples preserved in Continental Museums, I am indebted to 
Geheimrath Prof. Dr. Ehlers, Gottingen ; Prof. Matschie, Berlin ; 
Prof. Dr. Kurt Lampert, Stuttgart; M. Ch. Mottaz, Geneva ; 
M. A. Ménégaux, Paris; and Prof. A. Cabrera Latorre, Madrid. 
I. THe RAINOLOPHUS SIMPLEX GROUP. 
Diagnosis. Basioccipital, between cochlez, not unusually nar- 
rowed. Posterior connecting process low and rounded off (text- 
fig. 22a, on p. 121). 
* Communicated by OrpFreLD Tuomas, F.ZS. 
+ For explanation of the Plates, see p. 14. 
