94 MR. K. ANDERSEN ON BATS [ May 16, 
vouxi, is rather considerable (as is also the variation in the ex- 
ternal dimensions of this Bat); but among 18 skulls of the typical 
form of rowxi, from localities so many and so distant inter se 
as to represent practically the whole area covered by this form, 
I do not find any so small as the largest among 11 skulls of 
borneensis (and 6. spadix); in so far there is no difficulty in 
diseriminating them. The tooth-rows, too, in rowaxi, are longer. 
As to the small 8. Chinese race of row«i (described below), the 
skull has the same length as the largest of borneensis, but the 
brain-case is decidedly broader, the zygomatic and maxillar width 
greater. 
Dentition (19 skulls). p,, most often, quite external (12 skulls) ; 
not rarely half in row, or ? in row (6 skulls); in one aged 
individual (teeth much worn) p, is wanting, on both sides of the 
mandible, and the alveoli have disappeared. Cingula of p, and p,, 
most often, in contact or separated by a very narrow, sometimes 
almost hairfine, interspace (13 skulls); in the remaining (6) 
individuals, distinctly separated, but the width of the interspace 
is not always quite the same on both sides of the mandible. 
The upper canine and p‘ are, with rare exceptions, distinctly 
separated, p* completely in the tooth-row (17 skulls, out of 19), 
as in all the foregoing species. The size of p* and, therefore, the 
width of the interspace between ¢ and p‘ vary, however, to a 
certain extent; but in »o instance is the width of the interspace 
as broad as (p° as well developed as) in stmplea: this is a thing of 
the past. As to the remaining two skulls (Ceylon, Nepal), the 
interspace is very narrow, p° half external. This 1s the first time 
we have to note instances of p’ not being completely in the 
tooth-row. 
As a general conclusion :—(1) In “Ah. rowxt p, has arrived 
so far on its way towards disappearance as to be, generally, 
external; but still, not rarely, the individual variation falls back 
to a former stage: p, partly in the tooth-row; and in some aged 
individuals the dentition (p, disappeared) points forwards to sub- 
sequent stages in the series of evolution: Rh. ferrwm-equinum 
(p, rather often lost) and 2h. acrotis (p, always lost). (2) As to 
p’ in rouwi, it is generally in the row, rarely half external; this 
latter, again, points forwards towards subsequent stages: thomasi, 
ferrum-equinum, and acrotis (p° always external, or lost). 
Distribution. From 8. China through the Himalayas to the 
Indian Peninsula and Ceylon. 
Technical name. As Rh. rouxt has for many years been com- 
pletely confused with Ah. affinis, some remarks are necessary to 
prove that the name rowxt belongs to the species here under 
consideration. The type locality of Rh. rowai is “ Calcutta” * ; 
the types (in the Leiden Museum) were collected by the French 
naturalist, M. Roux. There is in the Tomes Collection (British 
Museum) a skin also collected by Roux. The essential points 
~ * Temminck, loc. infra cit., p. 30 ¢; Jentink, ‘Catalogue systématique des 
Mammiferes,’ Mus.:d’hist. nat. Pays-Bas, xii. (1888) p. 161 (under Rh. affinis). 
