1905. ] BATRACHIANS AND REPTILES. 249 
In the present uncertainty as to the distinction of species in 
this genus, the distribution of _Y. levis is difficult to trace. This 
species appears to be found all over South Africa where there is 
water, and it extends as far north as Angola to the West and 
Abyssinia to the East, the British Museum possessing specimens, 
which I cannot separate from the typical form, from Lake Mweru, 
Uganda, and Senafe. 
Angola specimens (XY. petersii Bocage), which have been referred 
either to Y. levis or to Y. muelleri by Giinther, by Peters, and 
by myself, cannot be separated, by any character that I can 
detect, from XY. levis. I have examined eight specimens, one 
from Benguella, received from Prof. Barboza du Bocage himself, 
five from Pongo Andongo, obtained by Dr. Ansorge, and two from 
Dr. Welwitsch’s Angola collection. Bocage gives the length of 
the Angola specimens as not exceeding 65 millim. from snout to 
vent, but one of Welwitsch’s specimens measures 80. 
In the typical Y. levis from South Africa the subocular 
tentacle measures less than one-third the diameter of the eye, and 
is sometimes reduced to a mere tubercle, the inner metatarsal 
tubercle is very blunt and feebly prominent, never conical, and 
vomerine teeth are constantly absent. 
The true X. muelleri, as described and figured by Peters in his 
‘ Reise nach Mossambique,’ vol. i11. (1882), has the tentacle more 
than half as long as the eye, the metatarsal tubercle more 
prominent, more conical than in YX. /e@vis, and vomerine teeth, 
first noticed by Tornier, are often present. In addition to 
Mozambique, whence it was first described, this species is found 
in Nyasaland and on Zanzibar and the opposite coast. 
To distinguish between Y. muellert and XY. levis is, however, 
not so easy as one might at first think, for the British Museum 
has received from Mr. C. 8. Betton three specimens from hot 
springs near Lake Nakuro, British East Africa, which agree with 
the former in the prominent, conical metatarsal tubercle, and 
with the latter in the short tentacle and the absence of vomerine 
teeth. 
AX. elivit described from Erythreea by Peracca, and obtained in 
numerous examples at Addis Ababa and Ashoofi, Abyssinia, 
by Mr. E. Degen, agrees with -Y. levis in the proportions, in the 
short tentacle, and in the absence of vomerine teeth, but is easily 
distinguished by the inner metatarsal tubercle being armed with 
a black claw, as in YX. calearatus, which inhabits Liberia, Lagos, 
Nigeria, Cameroon, the Gaboon, and the Congo. In the males of 
X. clivii the brown nuptial asperities, instead of being restricted 
to the inner side of the fore limbs, as in _Y. levis, extend as 
a large patch on each side of the breast. 
Two specimens from ‘“‘ West Africa,” collected by Mr. Fraser, 
therefore probably from Nigeria or Fernando Po, which have been 
referred by Dr. Giinther and by myself to Y. mwelleri in the 
British Museum Catalogue, agree with that species in the size of 
the eye, the length of the tentacle, and the presence of vomerine 
