558 MR. R. I. rococK on the breeding [May 15, 



5. Notes upon Menstruation, Gresfcation, and Parturition of 

 some Monkeys that have lived in the Society's Gardens. 

 By Reginald I. Pocock, F.L.S., Superintendent o£ the 

 Gardens. 



[Received May 15, 1906.] 



The matter contained in the following pages is an amplification 

 of notes upon the reproductive phenomena of certain Cercopithecoid 

 Monkeys and Baboons that recently lived, or are still living, in 

 the Society's Gardens, and upon the ofispring of some species 

 of Maoacus (Macaques) that bred in the Menagerie in the early 

 months of the present year (1906). 



Through the kindness of Dr. E. Steegmann I am able to 

 supplement and confirm my own observations on these qiiestions 

 by some new and interesting items of information concerning 

 some of the Apes and Monkeys he has had of late years in his 

 hands. Dr. Steegmann has most generously placed his notes at 

 my disposal ; and since they are extracted from a letter and form 

 a connected whole, I have decided not to incorporate them with 

 my own notes but to print them in full at the end of this paper. 



Menstruation in Monkeys and Baboons. 



Menstrual Iiiflammation. 



It is well known that the females of many Monkeys and 

 Baboons when " on heat " exhibit extreme inflammation of the 

 naked area surrounding the genital and anal orifices. The 

 swelling, however, does not take place in all species of Oerco- 

 pithecidse. I have never detected it in any of the Guenons 

 (Gercopithecus) nor in Macaques (Macacus) of the Common 

 [fascicularis = cynomolgics), Bonnet [sinicus), Rhesus (rhesios), 

 and Japanese [fuscatus) species. On the' other hand, it is very 

 couspicuous in Mangabeys {Cercocebus) of the Sooty {fuligi- 

 ?iosits). White-crowned {lumdatus), and White-collared {cethiopicus) 

 species ; in all the Baboons (Papio) of which I have seen adult 

 female examples, namely, the Chacma (porcariits), Guinea {sphinx), 

 Green {olivaceus), Yellow {cynocephalus\ and Hamadryas {liama- 

 dryas), and in the Pig-tailed Macaque {Macacus nemestrinus). 



The present state of my knowledge on the subject may be 

 summarised as follows : — 



a. A conspicuous subcaudal inflammatory swelling in the adult 

 female when " on heat." 



Cercocebus fidiginosus, (ethiopicus, lunulatus. 

 Macacus nemestrinus and M. sp. ? 



Papio porcarius, cynocephalus, sphinx, olivaceus, hama- 

 dryas. 

 a . No such swelling in the female. 



Gercopithecus — all the common menagerie species. 

 Macacus sinicus, fascicular is, rhesus, fuscatus. 



