596 DR. R. BROOM ON A SOUTH AFRICAN [May 29, 



of the bone is about 34 mm. Both the upper and lower ends are 

 broad, and they make with each other an angle of about 60°. 

 The delto-pectoral ridge is fairly well developed, but the imperfect 

 impression does not show very clearly its relations to the shaft. 

 There is apparently no epicondylar foramen. The lower end of 

 the bone measures about 10 mm. It has evidently been ca,pped 

 by a large pad of cartilage. 



Pelvis. 



The remains in specimen C are much better preserved than in 

 either A or B. All the pelvic bones are preserved and in almost 

 true apposition. The under and outer sides of both pubes and 

 ischia have been displayed, and the inner side of the right ilium. 



The pelvis is a slightly modified variety of the well-known 

 plate-like type found in all primitive Diaptosaurian reptiles. 

 The ilium is broad and flat, and its axis is directed vipwards and 

 backwards from the acetabulum. It is presumed that the aceta- 

 bulum is of large size from the shape of the lower part of the 

 ilium, and probably it had a thick coating of cartilage. The 

 acetaijular portion of the ilium measures 19 mm. across. Above 

 the acetabulum the bone becomes constricted and measures only 

 12 mm. across. From this point the upper part forms a fan-like 

 expansion, which measures 25*5 mm. from front to back. The 

 greatest length of the ilium is 34 mm., and the least, measuring 

 from the surface for articulation with the ischium to the anterior 

 part of the crest, 22 mm. On the inner side of the ilium is a 

 hollow depression just above the constricted portion, with a second 

 slight depression behind it and sepai-ated from it by a low ridge. 

 These depressions are for articulation with the two sacral ribs. 



The ischium is a flat semicircular bone not unlike the flat bone 

 in Procolophon or Stereosternum. Though the acetabular portion 

 is not displayed in Howesia, it is probably of much larger size 

 than in these other genera. It seems probable that the ischium 

 sloped downwards and inwards at an angle of about 45°, The 

 whole margin of the bone has manifestly been bordered by 

 cartilage except the margin which is directed upwards. The 

 lower margin for about 17 mm. is fairly straight, and forms, with 

 the bone of the opposite side, a symphysis with probably compara- 

 tively little cartilage between. Anteriorly there is another fairly 

 straight margin of 10 mm., which served as an articulation with 

 the pubis, probably again with but little cartilage between the 

 bones. Between the two ischia and the two pubes there is left a 

 lozenge-shaped gap, like the anterior fontanelle in the head of a 

 babe. This may have formed an obturator foramen, but I am of 

 opinion that it was completely covered by cartilage. 



The pubis, though of the plate-like type, does not resemble at 

 all closely the flat pubes of Procolophon, Stereosternum, or Palceo- 

 hatteria. This is owing to the fact of the anterior third of the 

 bone being bent rather abruptly down so as to form an angle of 

 about 75° with the posterior part. The deflected poi-tion has its 

 outer and inferior end terminated by a t>|iick mai'gin, which seems 



