874 . ME. W. AVOODLAND ON THE [Nov. 27, 



termination in the large intestine (text-fig. 132), show that this is 

 also highly glandular, although its histology differs from that 

 of the pylorus (cf. text-figs. 129 & 131), possessing villus-like 

 processes, instead of simple tubular glands. Text-figs. 133-136 

 represent transverse sections through those portions of the 

 elongated band running parallel with the alimentary ti'act and 

 containing the bile-duct (B), hepatic-portal vein (Y), and arteries 

 (A), which are marked in PI. LVIT. fig. 3, A-B, I-J, 0-P, Q-R, 

 the last showing the bile-duct divided into two. Sections across 

 0-D, G-H, M-N simply reveal arteries and veins embedded in 

 the muscular band. 



As in Centrophorus squamulGsus, so in C ccdceus, " the liver 

 consists of tAvo extremely long [40 cm.] and flat [4 mm. thick and 

 2"5 cm. broad anteriorly] lobes extending on the right as well as 

 on the left side from the anterior to the posteiior exti-emity of 

 the abdominal cavity." In C. sqiuimidosus the liver-lobes an- 

 teriorly " are connected by a short transverse strip not broader 

 than the lateral portions and having embedded in its middle line 

 a gall-bladder of moderate size " ; and perhaps the same was the 

 case in C. calceics, though, as before stated, I did not ascertain it. 

 In Scynmus licJda, however, in which the liver is similar to that 

 of G. ccdceus as regards both size and form, a gall-bladder does 

 not exist ^'\ The shape and size of the liver vary very much 

 among Selachians, but, for the reason already given, I am unable 

 here to enter upon a compai-ative account of the organ. 



In C. ccdceus, as in so many other Squalidae (e. g. C. gramdosus 

 and C squamosus^'^, Lepidojms a?^geHfeus^', Centrina scdviani''^", 

 Echinorhinus spinosiis^"'''\ and others), two spleens are present. 

 The one, slightly the larger (PI. LYII. fig. 3, S 1), is attached 

 anteriorly near the posterior end of the pyloiic stomach and 

 posteriorly to the beginning of the spiral-valve intestine ; the other, 

 or supplementary spleen (S 2), is attached anteriorly to the bile- 

 duct band at a point situated at about the middle of its length and 

 posteriorly to the outer lobe of the pancreas near the spiral-valve 

 intestine. Both spleens, as the figure shows, lie in folds of the 

 mesentery (duodeno-splenic omenta), and are attached by this at 

 their exti-emities. They are extremely elongated slender bodies, 

 and, apart from their position, it would be difiicult, owing to 

 their similarity, to say Avhich is " supplementary " ■\ I may here 



15 " Notes on the Aiiatomj' and Embryology of Sci/imms licJiia." T. J. Parker. 

 Proc. & Trans. New Zealand Institute, vol. xv. 1882. 



i*) " Remarques anatomiques sur les Sqnales observes pendant la derniere cam- 

 paa;ne du yacht ' Princesse- Alice '." M. H. Neuville. Bull. Mus. Paris, 1897 (2). 



1' "Remarques sur les Squales de mer profonde observes a Setubal (Portugal)." 

 Neuville, loc. cit. 1897 (3). 



18 "Notes on Centrina scdviani." W. W. Calderwood. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc, 

 vol. ii. 1892. 



1" "Observations on the Spiny Shark (EcJiinorhiiiKS spiaosus)." W. Turner. 

 Jour. Anat. Physiol, vol. ix. 



20 " The Brain and Cranial Nerves of IScliinorliinus spinosus, with Notes on the 

 other Viscera." Jackson & Clarke. Jour. Anat. Physiol, vol. s. 1876. 



21 " A propos des termes par lesquels on designe les formes diverses de la rate des 

 S^laciens." M. H. Neuville. Bull. Mus. Paris, 1898 (4). 



